Species richness and substrate specificity of lignicolous fungi in the canopy of a temperate,mixed deciduous forest |
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Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">Martin?UnterseherEmail author Peter?Otto Wilfried?Morawetz |
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Institution: | 1.Fakult?t für Biowissenschaften, Pharmazie und Psychologie, Institut für Biologie I — Spezielle Botanik —,Universit?t Leipzig,Leipzig,Germany |
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Abstract: | In the more than twenty years in which long-term canopy research has been conducted, mycology has been largely disregarded.
Our studies using a construction crane to gain access to the canopy of a forest in Leipzig, Germany are the first long term
investigations assessing the diversity and ecology of wood-decaying fungi in a canopy. Thirty-seven individuals of nine different
tree species with a large amount of dead wood were selected. Sampling focussed on the four most prominent tree species Acer pseudoplatanus, Fraxinus excelsior, Quercus robur and Tilia cordata. In the years 2002 and 2003 dead wood was collected in different canopy strata. Dead branches were removed and stored for
two weeks in open boxes with high humidity to allow growth of fructifications in the laboratory. 118 different taxa were identified
(108 species, 77 genera). Corticioid fungi (e.g., of Corticiaceae, Stereaceae, Hymenochaetaceae) dominated the fungal composition
with 37 species, pyrenomycetes were present with 18 species. Agaric fungi (Agaricales and Cortinariales) were scarce. Species
with minute basidiomes dominated the fungal composition of this systematic group. Agarics with larger sporomes were found
only once and were restricted to strongly decayed branches in shaded canopy areas. Concerning species richness and fungal
composition the four tree species mentioned above differed remarkably. As expected, many fungi that grew on bark or slightly
decayed wood showed a distinct host and substratum specifity. It is noteworthy that fungi which are purportedly to be non-specific
were found on single tree species only. |
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Keywords: | wood-decaying fungi canopy research Leipzig Canopy Crane Project biodiversity ecology indicator species |
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