烟草愈伤组织生长和衰老过程中多聚核糖体类群的变化(英文)

本研究中测定了黄花烟草(Nicotiana rusticaL cv.Gansu yellow flower)愈伤组织生长和由碳水化合物亏缺引起的衰老过程中多聚核糖体类群和蛋白质含量的变化,以期查明衰老的烟草愈伤组织中蛋白质合成速率与蛋白质含量变化的相关性。 继代培养的烟草愈伤组织经过约5d的生长迟滞期,进入指数生长期,第20天后生长停止,干重缓慢下降;第25天出现类似果实成熟时的呼吸跃变现象,呼吸商(RQ)开始下降,呼吸底物由糖转向游离氨基酸,表明在本实验条件下,烟草愈伤组织在培养20～25d后由生长转向衰老,这时蛋白质含量(占细胞总蛋白的90％～95％)立即降低,第35天降低了26％。代表蛋白质合成能力的多聚核糖体相对含量和总核糖体的相对含量在培养20d后开始减少;两者的比值也降低,这与植物衰老过程中蛋白质含量的降低基本一致,表明烟草愈伤组织衰老过程中蛋白质含量的降低.与蛋白质合成能力的下降可能有一定的关系。由于多聚核糖体的解聚并不伴随有单核糖体的增加,也暗示衰老过程中单核糖体被迅速破坏。

Changes in Polyribosome Population During the Growth and Senescence of Tobacco Callus

Polyribosome profiles and protein contentin tobacco (Nicotiana rustica L. cv. Gansu yellowflower ) callus were estimated during its growthand the senescence induced by carbohydrate de-ficiency. From the initiation of the senescingprocess which was characterized by a typical res-piratory rise much like the usual climacteric risein ripening fruits, the relative content of polyri-bosomes as well as that of total ribosomes (mono-ribosomes polyribosomes) declined concur-rently with the decrease of protein content. Thissuggested that during the senescence of tobaccocallus, polyribosomes were disassembled intomonoribosomes which disappeared rapidly, andthat the decline in protein synthesizing capacitymight account for a definite part to the proteinloss.