Cell wall functions in growth and development —a physical and chemical point of view |
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Authors: | Naoki Sakurai |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Environmental Studies, Faculty of Integrated Arts & Sciences, Hiroshima University, 730 Hiroshima |
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Abstract: | The plant cell changes its cell wall architecture during growth and development through synthesis and degradation of wall
polysaccharides. Changes of chemical components in the cell wall include not only the synthesis and degradation but also the
shift of molecular-weight distribution of certain species of the component polysaccharides. The changes in chemical structure,
in turn lead to alteration of physical properties of the cell wall. Changes of physical parameters of cell walls obtained
by a physical method accord with the biochemical degradation of polysaccharides. The changes in chemical structures of the
cell wall are regulated by plant hormones, stress signals and gene expression. The physical and chemical studies of the cell
wall have disclosed that degradation and/or depolymerization of wall polysaccahrides causes decrease in viscosity of the cell
wall, leading further extension of the cell wall even under the unchanged osmotic relation. Furthermore, cell walls of outer
and inner tissues play different regulatory roles in tissue growth and stem strength was governed by the number of cellulose
molecules in the cell wall.
Recipient of the Botanical Society Award for Young Scientists, 1990. |
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Keywords: | ABA Auxin Cell wall Cellulose β -1 3∶ 1 4-Glucan Xyloglucan |
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