白桦RAPD遗传连锁图谱的构建

以80个来自欧洲白桦(Betula pendula Roth)×中国白桦(Betula platyphylla Suk)的F1个体为作图群体。利用2个亲本和10个F1个体对1,200个10 bp的随机寡核苷酸引物进行筛选, 确定了208个多态性引物。利用RAPD标记, 按照拟测交的作图策略, 分别构建了欧洲白桦和中国白桦的分子标记连锁图谱。对2个亲本和80个F1代作图群体进行随机扩增, 共获得了364个多态性位点。χ2检验结果表明有307个位点符合1∶1分离的拟测交分离, 26个位点符合3∶1分离, 31个位点属偏分离位点。拟测交位点中有145个位点来自欧洲白桦, 有162个位点来自中国白桦。利用2点连锁分析, 欧洲白桦中的145个连锁标记构成了14个不同的连锁群(4个以上标记), 6个三连体和6个连锁对, 37个为非连锁位点, 连锁标记覆盖的总图距为955.6 cM (centimorgan), 平均图距14.9 cM。而来自中国白桦的162个标记构成了15个连锁群(4个以上标记), 4个三连体和6个连锁对, 21个为非连锁位点, 连锁标记覆盖的总图距为1,545.8 cM (centimorgan), 平均图距15.2 cM。该图谱的建立为进一步将两个图谱整合为一个高密度图谱及重要基因的定位奠定了基础。

Genetic linkage map of Betula pendula Roth and Betula platyphylla Suk based on random amplified polymorphisms DNA markers

Based on the genetic inheritance and segregation of random amplified polymorphism DNA (RAPDs) markers, the first middensity linkage map for silver birch was constructed by using a pseudotestcross mapping strategy. A segregat- ing population including 80 progenies from the cross between Betula pendula Roth and B. platyphylla Suk was obtained. A set of 1,200 random oligonucleotide primers were screened, and 208 primers were selected to generate RAPD markers within a sample of 80 F1 progenies. A total of 364 segregating sites were identified. Among them, 307 belonged to 1 : 1 segregating site, and 36 belonged to 3 : 1 segregating site, others were found distorted from the normal 1 : 1 ratio. Alto- gether 307 sites segregating 1 : 1 (testcross configuration) were used to construct parent-specific linkage maps, 145 for B. pendula and 162 for B. platyphylla. The resulting linkage maps consisted of 145 marker sites in 14 groups (four or more sites per group), 6 triples and 6 pairs for B. pendula, which covered the map distance about 955.6 cM (Kosambi units). The average map distance between adjacent markers was 14.9 cM, and 162 linked marker site for B. platyphylla were mapped onto 15 groups (four or more sites per group), 4 triples and 6 pairs, which covered the map distance about 1,545.8 cM, and the average map distance between adjacent markers was 15.2 cM. Further study is warranted to intergrate the two maps toone density map and to locate important genes on the maps.