影响小麦粒重的农艺性状,生理指标的主成分分析

本研究对长江中游麦区11个小麦品种（系）的13个与粒重密切相关的农艺性状和生理指标进行了主成分分析。13个原始指标综合成为4个独立的新指标；主成分1，光合同化因子；主成分2，籽粒灌浆速率与构成因子；主成分3，籽粒灌浆持续期与产量构成因子；主成分4，籽粒灌浆参数综合因子。主成分值与粒重相关分析表明，主成分4及主成分2与粒重有极显著的正相关。通过逐步回归分析，建立了小麦粒重与主成分值之间的回归方程。以主成分值为指标的系数聚类，可将十一个品种分为三大类型。不同类型品种主成分值的大小和相互协调方式不同，直接导致品种（系）粒重不同。

Principal Component Analysis of Agronomic Traits, Physiological Indexes Related to Wheat Grain Weight

The principal component analysis was applied to the agronomic traits and phys- iological indexes which had significant or colsely relation with grain weight in the Middle Yangtze River Wheat Zone. Thirteen primitive indexes could be synthesized to 4 new independent indexes: principal component Z1, Photosynthesis assimilation factor; principal component Z2, Grain fill ing rate and yield formation factor; principal component Z3, Grain filling duration and yield formation factor; principal component Z4, grain filling parameters synthesis factor. The results of correlation analysis between the principal component and grain weights showed that. Z2, Z4 had a colsely positive correlation with the grain weights. Regression equation between the grain weight and principal component was built by using Stepwise Regression. Eleven wheat varieties (lines) could be divided into 3 main groups depending on the result of Hierarchical Cluster by principal component values. Principal component values and theirs co-ordination ways caused the difference of grain weight in different varieties(lines).