江苏常熟虞山土壤动物群落多样性研究

对江苏省常熟市虞山国家森林公园内的土壤动物进行了调查,共采得土壤动物样本 3916个,隶属于 5门 10纲,共26类群。蜱螨目、弹尾目和线虫纲是优势类群,占个体总数的88.22％,它们构成了该地区土壤动物的主体。对针阔混交林、竹林和茶园的土壤动物群落结构分析表明:土壤动物密度、类群数、多样性指数(H’)、密度-类群指数(DG)和多群落比较多样性指数(DIG)排序均为针阔混交林>茶园>竹林。茶园的均匀度指数最高。竹林的优势度指数最大。不同群落的相似性(q)分析表明,3种生境的土壤动物群落两两间的相似性指数q均大于0.5,都达到了中等相似水平。土壤动物的类群数垂直分布有明显差异,类群数向下逐渐减少。

Diversity of soil invertebrate communities at Yushan Hill, Changshu, Jiangsu Province

A preliminary study on the diversity of soil invertebrate communities was conducted at Yushan Hill, Changshu, Jiangsu Province. Twenty-six taxa of invertebrates were identified, belonging to 10 clas- ses and five phyla, of which Acarina, Collembola and Nematoda were dominant, accounting for 88.2% of the total individuals. Vegetations at Yushan Hill were grouped into three categories: pine-broad-leaf mixed forest, tea garden and bamboo forest. Pine-broad-leaf mixed forest ranked the highest in taxon and individual numbers of invertebrates, H' index, DG index and DIC index. The lowest was in the bamboo forest. Evenness (J) of invertebrates in the three categories showed a complex pattern of variation: the highest value was observed in tea garden and the lowest in bamboo forest. The invertebrate community in bamboo forest had the highest Simpson index (C) compared with the other two forests. The results also showed that the similarity (q) of soil invertebrates among these three forests was moderate (q>0.5) in all communities. The numbers of groups in soil decrease rapidly with increase in depth of soil layer.