椭圆背角无齿蚌外套膜组织培养与未培养细胞分泌活动的扫描电镜观察

作者用扫描电镜及相差显微镜,对椭圆背角无齿蚌外套膜组织培养与未培养细胞的分泌活动进行了研究,观察到两者的分泌活动都是十分旺盛的。培养细胞有局部分泌和顶浆分泌。细胞分泌形态观察到三种:(1)分泌端形成由膜包裹的突起,突起逐渐伸长,基部变成细颈,最后脱离细胞成为分泌泡(局部分泌);(2)细胞端部伸出长足,将分泌物排到较远处分泌后,长足缩回恢复原状;(3)分泌端伸出很多细枝,分泌物随后如液流式涌出细胞(顶浆分泌)。取外套膜色线边组织为材料,培养后在组织块和细胞上有角质素(与贝壳最外层相似)类的茶褐色结晶和无定形分泌物形成;用去掉色线边的外表皮组织块培养,则有珍珠(与贝壳最内层相似)状的白色和淡黄色结晶生成。表明了细胞在适宜的条件下培养,所形成的分泌物的性质可能与活体相同。因此大批量培养细胞可能得到人们希望获得的细胞产物。  

OBSERVATION ON THE SECRETION ACTIVITIES OF CULTURED AND NON-CULTURED CELLS OF MANTLE TISSUE OF ANODONTA WOODIANA ELLIPTICA WITH SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE

By using scanning electron microscope and phase contrast microscope,the authors have studied the secretion by the cultured and non-cultur cells of the pallial tissue in Anodonta woodiana elliptica,and observed that both kinds of cells have very vigorous secretion activi- ties.The cultured cells show merocrine and apocrine secretion.There are three modes of secre- tion:1.The secretory end forms a bulge wraped by a membrane.The bulges stretch gradually, and then their bases turn into narrow tubes,which finally separate from the cells and become secretory vesicles(merocrine).2.Long footlike structure begins to grow at the end of the cells,pushs the secretory substances into a distance and secretes them.Afterwards,the foot- like structure shrinks into its original form.3.Many narrow branches are formed at the se- cretory end,and the secretory substances are secreted out of the branches-like fluid(apocrine secretion).When the rim zone of chromogenesis tissue of pallial layer is cultured,dark bro- wn conchiolin-like crystals are similar to the sustances on the outermost layer of the shell, formed in the tissue piece and on the cells;When the exocuticle tissue piece without rim zone of chromogenesis is cultured,white or pale-yellow pearl-like crystals(similar to the substances on the inner-most layer of the shell)are produced.These results show that,if cultured under proper conditions,the cells may pnoduce the secretory substances having the same property as the substances produced in vivo.It is thus feasible to obtain the cell products by mass culturing cells.