秦岭南坡中段种子植物多样性研究

初步调查统计秦岭南坡中段有种子植物 1 55科 ,81 5属 ,约 2 1 84种 ,分别占秦岭总科数的 96.2 7% ,总属数的 80 .69% ,总种数的 63.32 %。其中有国家保护植物 31种 ,中国种子植物特有属 34属。属的地理分布类型多 ,有 1 5个分布型及 2 1个变型 ,其中温带成分和热带成分分别占该区总属数的 30 .66%和 64.79%。科的组成中含 1 0 0种以上的有 3科 ,50～ 1 0 0种的有 7科 ,5～ 2种的有 4 4科 ,含 1种的有 34科。秦岭南坡中段是生物多样性丰富的区域之一。论述了种子植物物种多样性 ,生活型多样性和属的分布区类型的多样性等。同时对该段生物多样性的保护与持续发展对策进行了探讨。

Diversity of Seed Plants in the Middle Part of Southern Slope of Qingling Mountains

The region locating in the middle part of southern slop e o f Qingling Mountains has been attracted close attention for giant panda and forest ecosystem and is one of the regions rich in species. There are about 2148 species se ed plants belonging to 815 genera in 155 families accounting for 6 3.32% in total species, 80.69% in total genera and 96.27% in total families of seed plants including 7 families, 18 genera and 33 species of gymnosperms, 24 fa milies, 170 genera and 391 species of monocotyleden, 124 families, 627 genera a nd 1760 species of dicotyleden. 31 rare or endangered plant species and 34 gen era Chinese endemic genera were found growing in the area. There are 15 distribu tion types and 21 subtypes of genera of seed plants in the region, including 30 .66% of subtropical elements and 64.79% of various temperate distribution type. 3 families contain more than 1 00 species of plants, 7 families 50～100 species, 44 families 5～2 species and 3 4 families only one species. The diversity of th e species, life form and distribution type of genera of seed plants and some of the major problems existing in this region were analyzed. The countermeasures fo r the future biodiversity protection and sustainable development in this region were then proposed.