解淀粉芽胞杆菌分离鉴定及培养优化的研究进展

解淀粉芽胞杆菌（Bacillus amyloliquefaciens）是芽胞杆菌属的一个种，广泛存在于自然界，具有丰富的生境多样性，其芽胞具有抗逆性，可抵抗不良环境，同时能产生多种抗菌物质，如脂肽、抗菌蛋白和多种酶类，能抗植物病原真菌和有害细菌，该菌能形成生物膜，定植于植物根系，促进植物生长，因此对该菌进行分离鉴定以及培养优化具有重要意义。截至目前，已经从各种生境中分离、鉴定了多种有应用价值的解淀粉芽胞杆菌，通过不同策略对该菌的培养基和培养条件进行优化，使该菌相关功能得以提高。本文综述了近年来对解淀粉芽胞杆菌的生境多样性、分离鉴定及培养基和培养条件优化的策略，简要归纳了国内外关于解淀粉芽胞杆菌重要的工业和商业产品，为更好地研究和应用解淀粉芽胞杆菌提供必要的参考和借鉴。

Advances in Isolation, Identification, and Optimization of Culture Medium and Conditions of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is a species of Bacillus genus that widely exists in nature with rich habitat diversity. Its spores are resistant to stress and can resist adverse environments; at the same time, it can produce various antifungal substances, such as lipopeptides, antibacterial proteins, and various enzymes, which can resist plant pathogenic fungi and harmful bacteria; This bacterium can form biofilm, colonize on plant root system, and promote plant growth. Therefore, isolation, identification, and culture optimization of this bacterium are of great significance. Up to now, various valuable amylolytic strains have been isolated and identified from various habitats. By optimizing the culture medium and conditions of the strain through different strategies, their related functions have been improved. This article reviews the strategies for habitat diversity, isolation and identification, as well as optimization of culture media and conditions of B. amyloliquefaciens in recent years. It briefly summarizes the important industrial and commercial products of B.amyloliquefaciens both domestically and abroad, providing necessary reference for better research and application of B. amyloliquefaciens in the future.