西安地区空军老干部患病现况及其相关因素研究

目的:调查西安地区老年空军人群慢性病患病情况及其生活评价的现况,分析其相关因素的影响。方法:采用整群抽样的方法对西安地区310名老年空军进行体格检查和使用生活综合评价调查表进行问卷调查。结果:在本次研究的老年空军人群中,慢性病患病率100%。同时患两种病及以上的占91.29%。患病率由高到低排名前10位的慢性病依次为高血压、冠心病、高脂血症、老年性白内障、脑血管疾病、前列腺疾病、糖尿病、慢性支气管炎、慢性胃肠道疾病、胆囊和胆道疾病。舒张压异常、体检白细胞指标异常的人群患脑血管疾病的优势比分别是2.16、3.95(P<0.05);甘油三脂异常的人群患高脂血症的优势比是4.74(P<0.001);在健康自评和心理卫生评定中、差的人群患冠心病的优势比分别是1.85、1.64(P<0.001);体能检查中、差的人群惠老年性白内障的优势比是1.48(P<0.05);生活功能、社会交往和活动强度中、差的人群患脑血管疾病的优势比分别是3.40、2.22、2.92(P<0.001)。结论:应有针对性、有重点地开展危险因素的早期干预,促进预防和医疗两大系统的协作,才能有效地控制老年人慢性病的发生。

Study on the Present Situation of air Force Veteran Retirees in Xi'an with Chronic Disease and the Related Factors

Objective:To study the present situation of air force veteran retirees in Xi'an with chronic disease and their evaluation on quality of life,and to explore the related factors.Method:Using cluster sampling method,310 air force veteran retirees in Xi'an were given physical examinations and surveyed their evaluation on quality of life by questionnaire.Results:In this study,100% air force veteran retirees had chronic disease and 91.29% of them had more than two kinds of chronic disease at the same time.The top 10 chronic disease were high blood pressure(HBP),coronary heart disease(CHD),hyper lipemia(HL), old-age-related cataract,cerebrovascular disease(CVD),disease of prostate,diabetes,chronic bronchitis(CB),gastroenteritis (GIT)and disease of biliary tract.The odds ratios of CVD in the population with abnormal DBP and abnormal white blood cell were 2.16 and 3.9 respectively(P<0.05).The odds ratio of HL in the patients with abnormal triglyceride was 4.74(P<0.001).The odds ratios of GHD in the people whose evaluation on health self-assessment and mental health were normal or bad were 1.85 and 1.64 respectively(P<0.001).The odds ratios of old-age-related cataract in the people whose physical examination was normal or bad is 1.48(P<0.05).The odds ratios of CVD in the people whose evaluation on living capability,social communication and action intensity were normal or bad were 3.40,2.22 and 2.92 respectively(P<0.001).Conclusion:The keys points to control chronic disease in the elderly are the prevention and treatment of geronto-chronic disease and improvement of health service system(both physical and psychological).