Design of bio-mimetic particles with enhanced vascular interaction |
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| Authors: | Sei-Young Lee Mauro Ferrari Paolo Decuzzi |
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| Institution: | 1. Center of Nanomedicine, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA;2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Texas at Austin, TX, USA;3. M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA & Rice University, Houston, TX, USA;4. School of Health Information Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, USA;5. BioNEM—Center of Bio-/Nanotechnology and /Engineering for Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy & TASC (CNR–INFM) Laboratory, Trieste, Italy;1. Laboratory for Emerging Energy and Electronic Materials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;2. Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;3. The Advanced Materials Research Institute, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA;1. Shanghai Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China;2. Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan;3. Shanghai Key Lab of Vehicle Aerodynamics and Vehicle Thermal Management Systems, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804, China;1. Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan;2. Department of Functional Genomics, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan;3. Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan;1. Department of Translational Imaging and Department of Nanomedicine, The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA;2. BioNEM – Center for Bio/Nanotechnology and /Engineering, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Magna Graecia, Catanzaro 88100, Italy;3. Breast Cancer Center, The Methodist Hospital Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA |
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| Abstract: | The majority of particle-based delivery systems for the ‘smart’ administration of therapeutic and imaging agents have a spherical shape, are made by polymeric or lipid materials, have a size in the order of few hundreds of nanometers and a negligibly small relative density to aqueous solutions. In the microcirculation and deep airways of the lungs, where the creeping flow assumption holds, such small spheres move by following the flow stream lines and are not affected by external volume force fields. A delivery system should be designed to drift across the stream lines and interact repeatedly with the vessel walls, so that vascular interaction could be enhanced. The numerical approach presented in Gavze, E., Shapiro, M., 1997. Particles in a shear flow near a solid wall: effect of nonsphericity on forces and velocities. International Journal of Multiphase Flow 23, 155–182.] is, here, proposed as a tool to analyze the dynamics of arbitrarily shaped particles in a creeping flow, and has been extended to include the contribution of external force fields. As an example, ellipsoidal particles with aspect ratio 0.5 are considered. In the absence of external volume forces, a net lateral drift (margination) of the particles has been observed for Stokes number larger than unity (St>1); whereas, for smaller St, the particles oscillate with no net lateral motion. Under these conditions, margination is governed solely by particle inertia (geometry and particle-to-fluid density ratio). In the presence of volume forces, even for fairly small St, margination is observed but in a direction dictated by the external force field. It is concluded that a fine balance between size, shape and density can lead to EVI particles (particles with enhanced vascular interaction) that are able to sense endothelial cells for biological and biophysical abnormalities, mimicking circulating platelets and leukocytes. |
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| Keywords: | Nanoparticle Shape Drug delivery Transport Creeping flow |
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