Composting of poultry manure and wheat straw in a closed reactor: optimum mixture ratio and evolution of parameters |
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Authors: | Ivan Petric Vahida Selimbašić |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Tuzla, Univerzitetska 8, Tuzla, 75000, Bosnia and Herzegovina;(2) Department of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Technology, University of Tuzla, Univerzitetska 8, Tuzla, 75000, Bosnia and Herzegovina |
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Abstract: | The main objectives of this work were to investigate the evolution of some principal physico-chemical properties (temperature,
carbon dioxide, oxygen, ammonia, pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter) and microbial population (mesophilic and thermophilic
bacteria and fungi) during composting poultry manure with wheat straw in a reactor system, and to evaluate the optimum mixture
ratio for organic substrate production. The experiments were carried out in four small laboratory reactors (1 l) and one large
reactor (32 l) under adiabatic conditions over 14 days. During the process the highest temperature was 64.6°C, pH varied between
7.40 and 8.85, electrical conductivity varied between 3.50 and 4.31 dS m−1 and the highest value of organic matter (dry weight) degradation was 47.6%. Mesophilic bacteria and fungi predominated in
the beginning, and started the degradation with generation of metabolic heat. By increasing the temperature in reactors, the
number of thermophilic microorganisms also increased, which resulted in faster degradation of substrate. The application of
a closed reactor showed a rapid degradation of manure/straw mixture as well as a good control of the emissions of air polluting
gases into atmosphere. The results showed that the ratio of manure to straw 5.25:1 (dry weight) was better for composting
process than the other mixture ratios. |
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Keywords: | Composting Microbial population Organic waste Poultry manure Reactor Wheat straw |
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