鲁南地区花生昆虫群落结构及多样性变化研究

采用马来氏网法在山东省临沂市开展了花生田昆虫系统调查(2014年6月-2015年6月),阐明当地花生田的昆虫群落结构及相关群体指数动态规律。结果表明:试验期内共获得昆虫样本65005头,分属于14目、129科。从目级水平来看,主要花生昆虫以膜翅目、鞘翅目、半翅目、双翅目和弹尾目为主;从科级水平来看,主要花生害虫有叶蝉科、夜蛾科和潜蝇科,主要天敌有花蝇科、长足虻科、金小蜂科、长蝽科和姬蜂科。该地区群落多样性指数在0.4262~3.3212之间,峰值出现在花生生长期(3.3312);相对丰度峰值出现在花生繁育期(9956);科级丰富度峰值出现也出现在花生繁育期(83);均匀度指数在0.1137~0.7613之间,峰值出现在2014年6月(0.7613);优势集中指数在0.0172~0.2134之间,峰值出现在2014年8月(0.2134)。

Study on the dynamic change of insect community structure and diversity in peanut field in the South of Shandong

The insect community structure of peanut fields was investigated, using malaise trapping from June 2014 to June 2015, in the city of Linyi. To clarify the insect community structure and related population index dynamic rule of peanut field. The results showed that a total of 65 005 insect samples, belonged to 14 orders and 129 families, were collected. The main orders were the Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Diptera and Collembola. The major families of pests included Cicadellidae, Noctudae and Agromyzidae. The major families of natural enemy included Anthomyiidae, Bombycidae, Chalcididae, Pentatomidae and Imidae. The diversity index of community structure in this area ranged from 0.4262 to 3.3212, and the peak appeared in June 2014 (3.3312). The peak of relative abundance appeared in breeding period (9 956). The peak of family richness appeared in breeding period (83). The evenness index ranged from 0.1137 to 0.7613, and the peak value appeared in June 2014 (0.7613). The dominance concentration index ranged from 0.0172 to 0.2134, and the peak appeared in August 2014 (0.2134).