Rapid in vivo transport of proteins from digested allergen across pre-sensitized gut |
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Authors: | Chambers Stephen J Wickham Martin S J Regoli Mari Bertelli Eugenio Gunning Paul A Nicoletti Claudio |
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Institution: | Programmes of Gastrointestinal Health and Function, Institute of Food Research, Norwich, UK. |
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Abstract: | Although the route of sensitization to food allergens is still the subject of debate, it is generally accepted the gut immune system plays a pivotal role. However, hitherto the transport of allergens across the normal, pre-sensitized gut epithelium remained largely unknown. Our aim was to identify the route through which protein bodies and soluble proteins from digested peanuts penetrated the pre-sensitized gut epithelium in vivo and the specific cell types involved in the transport. Digestion of peanuts released a large number of protein bodies that are exclusively transported across the epithelium by specialized antigen-sampling M cells and delivered to the lymphoid tissue of Peyer's patch. Intracellular transport of soluble protein also occurred almost exclusively via M cells and it was negligible across absorptive enterocytes. We hypothesize that these conditions which are known to favour strongly the induction of immune responses rather than oral tolerance may play a significant role in the genesis of allergic reactions. |
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Keywords: | Gut-associated lymphoid tissue Allergen Peanut Peyer’s patch Food allergy |
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