Interannual and seasonal variations of energy and water vapor fluxes above a tropical seasonal rain forest in Xishuangbanna, SW China |
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| Authors: | Dou Junxi Zhang Yiping Yu Guirui Zhao Shuangju and Song Qinghai |
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| Institution: | 1. Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China;2. Institute of Urban Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100089, China;3. Institute of Geographic Sciences and National Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;1. School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, 19 Xinjiekouwai Street, Beijing, China;2. Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, sDowning Place, Cambridge CB2 3EN, United Kingdom;1. Centre for Polymer Science & Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India;2. Department of Civil Engineering, Zakir Hussain College of Engineering, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202001, India;1. Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, Sweden;2. Department of Geography, Swansea University, United Kingdom;3. Centre for Studies of Carbon Cycle and Climate Interactions (LUCCI), Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science, Lund University, Sweden;4. Department of Geography, University of Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada;1. Programa de Pós Graduação em Física Ambiental, Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá-MT 78060-900, Brazil;2. Biological Sciences Department, California State University, San Marcos, CA 92096, USA;3. Departamento de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá-MT 78060-900, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | The values and variation characteristics of energy components, their relationship with net radiation and the characteristics of water balance in the forest were analyzed, based on the observation data of energy fluxes, meteorological parameters and biomass in a tropical seasonal rain forest in Xishuangbanna from January 2003 to December 2004. The results show that annual net radiation was 3516.4 MJ/(m2 · a) and 3516.6 MJ/(m2 · a) in 2003 and 2004, respectively, of which 46% and 44% were used in latent heat flux, and 12% and 11% were lost as sensible heat flux. Annual mean canopy surface conductance was 10.3 mm/s and 10.0 mm/s in 2003 and 2004, respectively. Moreover, canopy surface conductance was lower in dry-hot seasons than in fog-cool and rainy seasons. Canopy surface conductance correlated significantly and positively with leaf area index, but negatively with water vapor pressure deficit. In general, canopy surface conductance was not affected directly by soil water content, but highly depended on soil moisture status when soil water content was below 0.15 m3/m3. Annual total evapotranspiration of this forest ecosystem in dry seasons was lower than that in rainy seasons, which was considered as one of the most important reasons that tropical seasonal rain forest could survive and flourish in Xishuangbanna at limit of water and heat. |
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| Keywords: | energy balance canopy surface conductance evapotranspiration water budget tropical seasonal rain forest |
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