慢阻肺患者运动负荷气道反应性与T细胞亚群的关系

摘要 目的：探讨与分析慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者运动负荷气道反应性与T细胞亚群的关系。方法：2020年1月到2022年4月选择在本院诊治的慢阻肺患者88例作为慢阻肺组，同期选择在本院进行健康体检者88例作为健康组，检测两组T细胞亚群含量，判定两组的运动负荷气道反应性情况并进行相关性分析。结果：慢阻肺组的CD8⁺T淋巴细胞比例明显高于健康组，CD3⁺T淋巴细胞、CD4⁺T淋巴细胞比例明显低于健康组（P<0.05）。慢阻肺组的运动负荷气道反应性发生率为20.9 %，明显高于健康组的1.2 %（P<0.05）。在慢阻肺中，Spearsman分析显示运动负荷气道反应性发生率与CD3+T淋巴细胞、CD4⁺T淋巴细胞、CD8⁺T淋巴细胞比例存在相关性（P<0.05）。logistic回归分析显示CD3⁺T淋巴细胞、CD4⁺T淋巴细胞、CD8⁺T淋巴细胞比例都为影响运动负荷气道反应性发生的重要危险因素（P<0.05）。结论：慢阻肺患者多伴随有T细胞亚群异常，也多伴随有运动负荷气道反应性，运动负荷气道反应性与T细胞亚群存在相关性，也表明T细胞亚群紊乱是导致运动负荷气道反应性发生的重要因素。

The Relationship between Exercise Load Airway Responsiveness and T Cell Subsets in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

ABSTRACT Objective: To explore and analysis the relationship between exercise load airway reactivity and T cell subsets in patients with COPD. Methods: From January 2020 to April 2022, 88 cases of patients with COPD who were diagnosed and treated in our hospital were selected as the COPD group, and 88 cases of healthy subjects who underwent physical examination in our hospital during the same period were selected as the healthy group. The contents of T cell subsets in the two groups were detected, and the airway reactivity to exercise load was determined and the correlation analysis was carried out. Results: The proportion of CD8⁺T lymphocytes in the COPD group were significantly higher than that in the healthy group, and the proportions of CD3⁺T lymphocytes and CD4⁺T lymphocytes were lower than those in the healthy group (P<0.05). The incidence rates of exercise-stress airway reactivity in the COPD group were 20.9 %, which were higher than that in the healthy group (1.2 %) (P<0.05). In the COPD patients, Spearsman analysis showed that the incidence of airway reactivity to exercise stress were correlated with the proportions of CD3⁺T lymphocytes, CD4⁺T lymphocytes, and CD8⁺T lymphocytes (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the proportions of CD3⁺T lymphocytes, CD4⁺T lymphocytes, and CD8⁺T lymphocytes were important risk factors for the occurrence of airway reactivity during exercise stress (P<0.05). Conclusion: COPD patients are often accompanied by abnormal T cell subsets, as well as exercise load airway reactivity. There are correlation between exercise load airway reactivity and T cell subsets. Disturbance of T cell subsets are the important factors leading to the occurrence of exercise-stress airway reactivity.