黄曲霉毒素生物防控菌的筛选及鉴定

筛选黄曲霉毒素生物防控菌，为黄曲霉毒素的生物防控提供支持。以花生原产地土壤为材料，采用牛津杯法筛选所需菌株。对筛选出的拮抗菌株进行抑制产毒曲霉菌株的生长、产孢、降解黄曲霉毒素实验。筛选出2株黄曲霉毒素生防细菌，编号21-1-2、17-3，经鉴定，拮抗菌21-1-2为枯草芽胞杆菌，拮抗菌17-3为地衣芽胞杆菌。分别对拮抗菌对曲霉孢子萌发的抑制、抑制黄曲霉的生长和菌丝延长以及减少黄曲霉毒素的产生、对黄曲霉毒素的分解作用等几个方面进行研究，结果表明，拮抗菌可以明显抑制产毒曲霉孢子的萌发、生长、菌丝的延长，减少黄曲霉毒素的产生以及分解黄曲霉毒素。

Screening and Identification of Aflatoxin Bio-Controlling Bacterial Strain

Aflatoxin bio-controlling bacterial strain was screened in order to provide support for controlling aflatoxin. The growth, sporogenesis, and aflatoxin degradable experiments were carried out to the needed and inhibition strains screened from soil collected in peanut source land adopting Oxford cup method. Two aflatoxin bio-controlling bacterial strains were screened and numbered as 21-1-2 and 17-3, they were characterized by authorized institution, the inhibition strain 21-1-2 to be Bacillus subtilis, and inhibition strain 17-3 to be Bacillus licheniformis. They were studied on several aspects including the inhibition against the germination of Aspergillus spores, the inhibition against the growth of A. flavus, the extension of their mycelia, and the reduction of the aflatoxin production, and the degradation effects of aflatoxin. The results showed that the inhibition strains could significantly inhibit the spore germination of toxin-producing Aspergillus strains, their growth, and the extension of their mycelia, reduce the production of aflatoxin, as well as the degradation of aflatoxin.