利用分子标记预测杂交水稻产量及其构成因素

利用AFLP、RAPD、SSR技术分析了10个恢复系和5个不育系的931个基因座，利用15个亲本配制了50个杂交组合，在泸州和重庆2个环境下同时种植，考察了产量及其构成因素，从931个基因座中筛选出了与之相关的阳性座位、增效座位、减效座位、非环境型座位，并分析了它们与杂种产量及其构成因素间的关系。结果表明，利用所有座位计算的遗传差异与产量及其构成因素的相关性，绝大多数性状未达显著水平，不能直接用于预测产量及其构成因素。阳性座位在一定程度上可以提高相关系数，因性状不同而存在差异，在多数性状上预测产量及其构成因素还有一定难度；增效座位和减效座位可以大幅度提高相关系数，在不同的环境下也表现一致，可以用来预测产量及其构成因素；非环境型座位计算的相关系数也较高，但低于增效座位和减效座位，说明环境对产量及其构成因素有较大的影响。

Prediction of Yield and Yield Components in Hybrid Rice by Using Molecular Markers

Yield and yield components in hybrid rice were investigated using AFLP,RAPD and SSR markers.Ten restorer and five male sterile lines were crossed in all possible pairs resulting in 50 crosses.Positive loci,effect increasing loci,effect decreasing loci and non environmental loci were selected from the 931 marker loci surveyed in the 15 parental lines and their correlation with yield and yield components were analyzed.The results indicated as follows (1)The correlation between genetic difference and yield and yield components calculated on all three molecular loci failed to reach significant level for most of the traits investigated and can not be used to predict yield and yield components directly.(2)Positive loci were of limited usefulness in the prediction of yield and yield components for their variation with different traits investigated despite that they can improve the correlation coefficient in some degree.(3) Effect increasing and effect decreasing loci can greatly improve correlation coefficient and may be used to predict the yield and yield components for their consistence with the environment.(4)The coefficient based on non environmental loci was high though it was a bit lower than that based on effect increasing and effect decreasing loci.It indicated that environment had great effect on yield and yield components in rice.