基于累积阻力的野生动物适宜生境斑块探测——以滇金丝猴为例

识别动物的适宜生境对野生动物保护、区域生态保护以及自然保护区的规划等具有指导意义。以滇金丝猴生存区域为例，选取7个影响滇金丝猴生境适宜性的主要因子：植被类型、海拔、坡度、坡向、距水系距离、距居民点距离、距道路距离，基于GIS技术，构建阻力面，确定累积阻力阈值，计算可达面积并据此划分斑块，结合现有猴群的栖息地分布、保护区设立对划分结果进行分析讨论。结果表明，区域内滇金丝猴的适宜生境面积整体占比较低，猴群移动受到人类活动干扰或水系阻隔的影响，其生境受到了不同程度的破坏，且生境适宜度表现出中部最高，北部次之，南部最差的规律。划分生境适宜性等级的方法，考虑到了明显地物对动物移动的较强阻隔作用，顾及到了空间连续性和斑块完整性，实验结果可反映出不同区域的生境适宜性差异。

Detecting suitable habitat patches for wild animals based on the cumulative resistance: A case study of Yunnan snub-nosed monkey

Identification of suitable habitat for animals is of significance for wildlife conservation, regionally ecological protection and the planning of nature reserves. This paper, taking the habitat of Yunnan snub-nosed monkey as an example, selects seven factors affecting the habitat suitability including vegetation types, elevation, slope gradient, slope aspect, distance to water, distance to rural settlements, and distance to roads. Based on GIS technology, this paper constructs the resistance surface. By determining the cumulative resistance threshold, the reachable area is calculated and the patches are divided accordingly. Combining the existing habitat and reserves of monkeys, the comparative analysis showed that the proportion of the suitable habitat in the research area was relatively low. The movement of the monkeys is blocked by human activities or water system, and their habitat is damaged to varying degrees. In addition, the habitat suitability reaches the highest in the middle, followed by that in the north, and the lowest in the south. The method in this paper takes into account the strong blocking effect of obvious surface features on animal movement for the suitable habitat patches, considering the spatial continuity and patch integrity as well. The results can reflect the regional differences of habitat suitability in the study area.