葛根素对正常产后小鼠泌乳作用的影响

摘要 目的：探究葛根素对产后正常小鼠泌乳作用的影响及其机制，并初步探究葛根素对产后正常小鼠的安全性。方法：将雌、雄KM小鼠以3:1比例合笼配种，得到孕鼠饲养至分娩。分娩后的小鼠随机分为正常对照组、葛根素低剂量（18 mg?kg^-1）、高剂量组（72 mg?kg^-1），每组8只。从产后第3 d起，每天灌胃一次，共10 d。观察小鼠每日泌乳量变化，ELISA法检测血清中催乳素（PRL）、孕酮（P4）、雌二醇（E₂）含量，HE染色观察乳腺、肝、肾、子宫、卵巢组织病理学形态，Western Blot法检测乳腺组织中催乳素受体（PRLR）、酪氨酸激酶 2（JAK2）和信号传导与激活因子5a（STAT5a）的表达。结果：与正常对照组相比，从给药的第6天起，葛根素低剂量组的泌乳量显著升高（P＜0.05）；葛根素低、高剂量组均可见乳腺小叶内腺泡明显变大，分泌物明显增多，且低剂量组更为明显；葛根素低、高剂量组血清PRL水平明显升高（P＜0.01或P＜0.05）；葛根素低剂量组PRLR的蛋白表达明显增加（P＜0.01），而葛根素高剂量组PRLR、JAK2的蛋白表达明显降低（P＜0.01）。葛根素低剂量组PRLR、JAK2、STAT5a的蛋白表达明显高于葛根素高剂量组（P＜0.01或P＜0.05）。结论：葛根素低剂量对产后正常小鼠有一定促进泌乳作用，高剂量时对泌乳作用不明显。葛根素低、高剂量均未对产后正常小鼠的肝、肾、卵巢和子宫产生明显的病理学改变。

Effects of Puerarin on Lactation in Postpartum Mice

ABSTRACT Objective: To explore the effect and mechanism of puerarin on lactation in postpartum normal mice, and to preliminarily explore the safety of puerarin on postpartum normal mice. Methods: Female and male KM mice were bred together in a 3:1 ratio, and the pregnant mice were bred until delivery. Mice after delivery were randomly divided into normal group, low-dose puerarin(18 mg?kg^-1), and high-dose group (72 mg?kg^-1), with 8 mice in each group. From the 3rd day postpartum onwards, gavage was given once a day for a total of 10 days. The changes of daily milk production of mice were observed, the contents of prolactin (PRL), progesterone (P4) and estradiol (E₂) in serum were detected by ELISA, and the histopathological morphology of breast, liver, kidney, uterus and ovary was observed by HE staining. Western Blot method was used to detect the expression of PRLR and tyrosine kinase 2 (JAK2) in breast tissue. Results: Compared with the normal group, from the 6th day of intervention, the milk production in the low-dose puerarin group was significantly increased(P<0.05); both the low-dose and high-dose puerarin groups showed significant changes in the acini in the mammary lobules. The secretion increased significantly, especially in the low-dose group; the serum PRL level in the low-dose and high-dose groups of puerarin was significantly increased (P<0.01 or P<0.05); the protein expression of PRLR in the low-dose group of puerarin was significantly increased (P<0.01 or P<0.05), while the protein expressions of PRLR and JAK2 in the high-dose puerarin group were significantly decreased(P<0.01). The expressions of PRLR, JAK2 and STAT5a in the low-dose puerarin group were significantly higher than those in the high-dose puerarin group(P<0.01 or P<0.05). Conclusion: The low dose of puerarin has a certain effect on promoting lactation in postpartum mice, while the high dose has no obvious effect on lactation. The low and high doses of puerarin did not produce obvious pathological changes in the liver, kidney, ovary and uterus of postpartum normal mice.