树种及多样性组配对南亚热带人工林早期树木生长的影响

为科学筛选提升南亚热带人工林生产力的树种配置模式,选择南亚热带8个乡土树种,采用随机区组的试验设计,建立了树种多样性梯度(1、2、4、6个树种)人工新造林试验平台,研究树种多样性及不同功能特性树种混交对人工林早期树木生长的影响。结果表明: 在树木生长第5年,树木生长并没有随树种多样性增加而增加;速生树种马尾松和米老排纯林生长量是珍贵树种红椎和格木纯林的2.5～4.5倍;2个树种混交和4个树种混交情况下,针阔树种混交、速生树种与固氮树种混交显著提高树木生长量51.5%～132.8%,而当6个树种混交时,不同树种组配对生长量没有显著影响。不同树种配置模式下土壤氮、磷养分是影响树木早期生长的主要因素。针阔树种混交、速生和固氮树种混交能显著提高南亚热带人工林树木的早期生长。

Effects of tree species identity and diversity on young tree growth in a south subtropical plantation

To select the tree species assembly model for improving the productivity in south subtropical plantations, we carried out an experiment following a random block design with eight native tree species across a richness gradient of 1, 2, 4, and 6 species. The effects of tree species diversity and species mixing with different functional identities on the young tree growth were investigated in the 5th year of the experiment. The results showed that tree growth was not positively correlated with tree species richness. The growth of fast-growing tree species (Pinus massoniana and Mytilaria laosensis) in the monoculture was 2.5-4.5 times of the valuable broadleaved tree species (Castanopsis hystrix and Erythrophleum fordii) monoculture. Tree growth was significantly increased by 51.5%-132.8% in the conifer and broadleaved tree species mixing plantations and in the fast-growing and nitrogen fixation tree species mixing plantations, when two tree species or four tree species were mixed. There was no significant difference in tree growth among different tree species mixed types, when six tree species were mixed. The contents of soil nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter were the main factors affecting tree growth. The results indicated that young tree growth could be improved through the selecting conifer and broadleaved tree species mixing, fast-growing and nitrogen fixation tree species mixing in south subtropical plantations.