黄海中南部越冬鳀鱼空间分布及其与水温年际变化的关系

利用1986-2010年的底拖网调查数据和遥感海表温度,基于GIS技术,通过空间分析和相关性分析等方法,研究黄海中南部水域越冬鳀鱼空间分布的年际变化,并探讨其与水温变化的关系.结果表明:1986-2010年鳀鱼空间分布的年际变化明显,2004年其资源丰度下降至最低且向岸分布,2010年资源丰度有所回升并在东部水域集中分布,鳀鱼捕获站位、资源密度在经纬度方向上的分布集中区域年际变化明显;鳀鱼资源密度重心纬度与代表性等温线平均纬度的变化趋势相一致,表明水温变化影响越冬鳀鱼纬度方向上的分布,但其向岸分布趋势则由黄海暖流的年际变动决定;在影响鳀鱼分布的众多因子中,资源丰度变化主要受捕捞压力的影响,而空间上的变化主要由海水温度决定.

Spatial distribution of wintering Engraulis japonicus and its relationship with the inter-annual variations of water temperature in central and southern Yellow Sea

Abstract: This paper studied the inter-annual variations in the spatial distribution of wintering anchovy (Engraulis japonicus) in central and southern Yellow Sea, based on the 1986-2010 bottom trawl survey data and related sea surface temperature (SST) data obtained by remote sensing, and approached the relationships between the inter-annual variations in the spatial distribution of the wintering anchovy and the SST, by using GIS technique, spatial analysis and correlation analysis. In 1986-2010, the wintering anchovy in the study area had apparent inter-annual variations in spatial distribution, with its abundance dropped to the lowest level and its distribution moved shoreward in 2004, and the abundance rebounded and centralized in the eastern waters in 2010. The centralized distribution regions of the anchovy's capture locations and stock density in longitudinal and latitudinal directions also had apparent inter-annual variations. There was a significant correlation between the latitude of the anchovy's stock density center and the mean latitude of the representative isotherms, suggesting that the variations in water temperature had effects on the latitudinal distribution of the wintering anchovy, and whether the anchovy distributed shoreward or not was determined by the inter-annual variations of Yellow Sea Warm Current. Among the factors affecting the anchovy distribution, fishing pressure was the main factor affecting the changes in anchovy abundance, and water temperature mainly determined the changes in anchovy spatial distribution.