钾肥施用量对中牟大白蒜产量及品质影响

本实验从2006～2008年连续3年在中牟对大蒜钾肥施用技术进行多点研究。结果表明,以施用钾肥为中心的平衡施肥可大幅度提高大蒜的产量和品质,蒜苗、蒜苔和蒜头3年平均产量较不施钾肥的对照分别提高11.1%～30.8%、10.5%～44.7%和9.0%～27.7%。增施钾肥能有效提高蒜苗和蒜苔中维生素C及可溶性糖分含量,改善大蒜的内在品质,提高大蒜的营养价值,经济收益增加2133～7179元/hm2,施用钾肥的产投比达6.1:1～11.8:1。在当前产量和生产水平下,大蒜平衡施肥方案为:纯N300kg/hm2,P2O580kg/hm2,K2O300kg/hm2左右。本文将对指导大蒜合理施肥,优质高效生产具有积极的作用。

Effects of Potassium Application Rate on Yield and Quality of Garlic in Zhongmu

In this experiment, we studied the technology of potassium fertilizer application of multi-site for three years from 2006 to 2008 in Zhongmu. The results showed that balanced fertilization of potassium fertilizer applica-tion centered can greatly improve yield and quality of garlic, K application could promote the average yield of the garlic sprouts,garlic scape and garlic bulb in the three years trial the average yield was increased by 11.1%～30.8%, 10.5%～44.7% and 9.0%～27.7% respectively compared with the control, which was without K application. Applying potash fertilizer can effectively elevate vitamin C and soluble sugar content in garlic sprouts and garlic scape, im-prove the intrinsic quality of garlic, heighten the nutritional value of garlic as well as increase economic benefits from 2 133 to 7 179 yuan per hm~2, the value cost ratio reached 6.1:1 to 11.8:1 compared the treatment of potassium applica-tion with that of the reference. In present production level, the balanced fertilization techniques is N 300 kg/hm~2, P_2O_5 80 kg/hm~2 and K_2O 300 kg/hm~2. The result of this paper would positive function on instructing reasonablely fertiliza-tion and producing high quality, efficiency of garlic.