Seasonal dynamics and thresholds governing recurrent epidemics |
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Authors: | Ronen Olinky Amit Huppert Lewi Stone |
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Institution: | (1) Biomathematics Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69978, Israel;(2) Center for Risk Analysis, Gertner Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, 52621, Israel |
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Abstract: | Driven by seasonality, many common recurrent infectious diseases are characterized by strong annual, biennial and sometimes
irregular oscillations in the absence of vaccination programs. Using the seasonally forced SIR epidemic model, we are able
to provide new insights into the dynamics of recurrent diseases and, in some cases, specific predictions about individual
outbreaks. The analysis reveals a new threshold effect that gives clear conditions for the triggering of future disease outbreaks
or their absence. The threshold depends critically on the susceptibility S
0 of the population after an outbreak. We show that in the presence of seasonality, forecasts based on the susceptibility S
0 are more reliable than those based on the classical reproductive number R
0 from the conventional theory.
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Keywords: | Seasonally forced model R 0 SIR Threshold Epidemic Chaos |
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