Effects of above-ground plant species composition and diversity on the diversity of soil-borne microorganisms |
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| Authors: | Kowalchuk George A Buma Douwe S de Boer Wietse Klinkhamer Peter G L van Veen Johannes A |
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| Institution: | (1) Department of Plant-Microorganism Interactions, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Centre for Terrestrial Ecology, Boterhoeksestraat 48, Postbox 40, 6666 ZG Heteren, The Netherlands;(2) Department of Biology, Research Group Ecology of Plant-Animal Interactions, University of Leiden, Kaiserstraat 63, PO Box 9516, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands |
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| Abstract: | A coupling of above-ground plant diversity and below-ground microbial diversity has been implied in studies dedicated to assessing
the role of macrophyte diversity on the stability, resilience, and functioning of ecosystems. Indeed, above-ground plant communities
have long been assumed to drive below-ground microbial diversity, but to date very little is known as to how plant species
composition and diversity influence the community composition of micro-organisms in the soil. We examined this relationship
in fields subjected to different above-ground biodiversity treatments and in field experiments designed to examine the influence
of plant species on soil-borne microbial communities. Culture-independent strategies were applied to examine the role of wild
or native plant species composition on bacterial diversity and community structure in bulk soil and in the rhizosphere. In
comparing the influence of Cynoglossum officinale (hound's tongue) and Cirsium vulgare (spear thistle) on soil-borne bacterial communities, detectable differences in microbial community structure were confined
to the rhizosphere. The colonisation of the rhizosphere of both plants was highly reproducible, and maintained throughout
the growing season. In a separate experiment, effects of plant diversity on bacterial community profiles were also only observed
for the rhizosphere. Rhizosphere soil from experimental plots with lower macrophyte diversity showed lower diversity, and
bacterial diversity was generally lower in the rhizosphere than in bulk soil. These results demonstrate that the level of
coupling between above-ground macrophyte communities and below-ground microbial communities is related to the tightness of
the interactions involved. Although plant species composition and community structure appear to have little discernible effect
on microbial communities inhabiting bulk soil, clear and reproducible changes in microbial community structure and diversity
are observed in the rhizosphere.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. |
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| Keywords: | 16S rDNA biodiversity collector's curve PCR-DGGE |
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