勐宋Sangpabawa中棕榈藤资源的保护和持续利用

物种多样性的研究是生物多样性研究的基础，对生物多样性的保护具有重要意义。Ｓａｎｇ ｐａｂａｗａ是哈尼语“头人的藤林”，它是我国仅有的为保护棕榈藤资源而建立的自然保护区。本文通过对勐宋Ｓａｎｇｐａｂａｗａ中棕榈藤资源现状的研究，分析了棕榈藤数量锐减的原因：１．市场经济新形势下，管理不善，造成人们过度采收藤条，并且采收时滥砍乱伐；２．外界干扰影响了棕榈藤的正常自然更新；３．良种藤的栽培使非良种藤在当地处于濒危或渐危状态。并提出利用价值是衡量保护价值的一个重要标准这一原则。在此基础上，提出勐宋Ｓａｎｇｐａｂａｗａ中棕榈藤资源的保护对策：１．挖掘藤类资源的利用价值，增强人们对它的保护意识；２．加强对Ｓａｎｇｐａｂａｗａ的管理，完善村规民约，防止偷砍乱伐；３．建立棕榈藤收集区和种苗基地，保护藤类资源多样性，满足生产种植需求；４．建立商品藤生产和加工基地，满足市场需求。

Conservation and sustainable use of rattan resource in Sangpabawa in Mengsong

The meaning of Sangpabawa is the rattan forest of chief in Hani nationality language. It is the only nature reserve for rattan in China. By studying the current situation of rattan resource in Sangpabawa in Mengsong, this paper analyses the reasons which reduce rapidly the amount of rattan in Sangpabawa. They are as following: Firstly, farmers cut off too much rattan because there is not effective management under the challenge of market economy. Secondly, it is difficult for rattan to renew its population in nature because of so much interruption. Thirdly, useless species of rattan are in danger because farmers only take care of fine varieties. So the strategies of conservation for rattan in Sangpabawa are put forward. At first, the protection consciousness for rattan resource should be reinforced and the study on rattan to find its further uses must be carried out. At second, the management for Sangpabawa must be enhanced and the rules for village and farmers should be improved to prohibit the uncontrolled chop for rattan. At third, set up a collection and propagation base to protect the diversity of rattan resource and to meet the demands of rattan seedling for production At fourth, build a commercial base for production and processing of rattan to meet the need of market.