不同倍性香石竹杂交花粉管生长荧光显微观察及结实研究

以香石竹四倍体材料‘紫蝴蝶’(2n=4x=60)为母本,二倍体材料‘珍珠粉’和‘NH6’(2n=2x=30)为父本,利用荧光显微镜观察其授粉后花粉管生长情况,统计其座果率、亲和指数及种子萌发率,并对杂交后代进行倍性鉴定。结果表明,在‘紫蝴蝶’柱头上,‘珍珠粉’和‘NH6’的花粉2h开始萌发,花粉管多处出现胼胝质塞,且花柱组织出现胼胝质反应,4h花粉管到达柱头中部并出现胼胝质塞,6h花粉管到达柱头基部,17h柱头基部的花粉管增多,花粉管进入子房组织且子房组织出现胼胝质反应,17～24h花粉管能与胚珠结合,但结合率低;‘紫蝴蝶’ב珍珠粉’杂交未获得植株,‘紫蝴蝶’בNH6’杂交获得3株植株,染色体倍性鉴定表明3株植株均为四倍体,这可能是‘NH6’产生2n配子的缘故。

Pollen Tube Growth after Crossing between Different Ploids Dianthus caryophyllus by Fluorescence Microscopy and Seed Setting

Fluorescence microscope severed as a tool to study the pollen tube growth after crossing between different ploidy levels of Dianthus caryophyllus.Capsules setting rate,planting percent and index of compatibility were calculated.Chromosome counts were carried out in the hybrid progeny.The result shows that:pollen of ’Zhenzhufen’ and ’NH6’ germinated after 2 h and callose response was found in pollen tubes.Stylar cannal have callose response in 2 h after pollination.At 4 h,pollen tube tips were found in the style middle,callose response was found in pollen tubes.Some of the pollen tubes reached the base of the style after 6 h.Pollen tubes increased at the base of the style after 17 h,pollen tubes has reached the ovary,which has induced callose response.Fertilization of ovules was noticed from 17 h to 24 h after pollination,and the percentage of presumed fertilized ovules was very low.No seedlings were obtained in the ’butterfly’(2n=60)×’Zhenzhufen’(2n=30),three seedlings which were tetraploid were obtained in the ’butterfly’(2n=60)×’NH6’(2n=30)and revealed that the plants were possibly producing unreduced(diploid) gametes.