音乐对脑的正性影响与机制

文章主要阐述了音乐对脑的多方面正性影响，主要包括空间推理能力的提升（莫扎特效应），学习记忆能力的增强等；在痰病治疗方面，则集中于音乐对精神和神经性疾病，如癫痫、孤独症、帕金森综合症、老年性痴呆等的影响。目前，音乐对机体产生的这些正性影响的具体分子机制还不十分清晰，本文将细述在音乐暴露的情况下，大脑中相关神经细胞的生长、分化、凋亡及蛋白质合成的调控，某些神经递质（如多巴胺，五羟色胺，Y-氨基丁酸等）的合成与释放，类固醇激素分泌对脑内物质合成与分泌的调节，以及BDNF／TrkB信号通路和NGF的调节。

The positive influence of music on brain and its mechanism

This paper expounds the various positively influence that music produced on brain, including the promotion of spatial reasoning ability （Mozart effect）, learning and memory capability, etc. And its clinical application is focused on psychiatric illnesses and neurogenic disease, such as epilepsy, autism, Parkinson＇s disease, Alzheimer disease, etc. Presently, the exact mechanism which could explain why the music has all these positively functions of brain are still obscure. In this paper we reviewed the regulation of the related brain cell＇s growth, differentiation, apoptosis and protein synthesis, the synthesis and release of some neurotransmitter （such as DA, 5-HT, GABA, etc.）, the regulation of the synthesis and secretion of brain substance due to steroid hormone secretion, and the regulation relying on BDNF/TrkB signaling pathways and the expression of NGF when organism are exposed to music.