Effects of nutrition on zinc, folic acid, and vitamin B12 levels during pregnancy |
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Authors: | Maturat Erdogan Isik Üstüner Bora Cengiz Feride Söylemez Ayhan O Çavdar |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Family Medicine, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey;(2) Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey;(3) Department of Turkish Academy of Sciences, Trace Element Working Group, UNESCO Satellite Trace Element Center, Ankara, Turkey |
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Abstract: | In this article, we report the results of a case control study carried out on 290 Turkish pregnant women at 5–24 wk of gestation
to determine their zinc, folic acid, and vitamin B12 levels in relation to their nutritional and socioconomic status. The women were divided into two groups (n=145 each), depending on the stage of gestation. Group I consisted of women in the first trimester of gestation; those in
the second trimester were allocated into group II. Twenty-five age-matched, healthy nonpregnant women were selected as controls.
The nutritional status of the subjects was determined by means of a survey. Based on this, the women were subdivided into
three subgroups: malnourished (PN), moderately nourished (MN), and well nourished (WN). Also from the survey, the socioeconomic
status was classified as good (G) or bad (B). A statistically significant decrease on zinc and folic acid was observed in
group I women, as their socioeconomic status worsened. In group II, zinc decreased only in the PN and MN subgroups, p<0.001. The folic acid and vitamin B12 levels did not change significantly during the second trimester of gestation in all subgroups. Regarding zinc, nutrition,
or dietary habits are more relevant than socioeconomic status, but poor nutrition affects folic acid levels only during the
first trimester of gestation. |
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Keywords: | Folic acid nutrition pregnancy vitamin B12 zinc |
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