饮食和生活习惯与胃癌的相关性研究进展

胃癌是起源于胃粘膜上皮细胞的恶性肿瘤。近年来,虽然大部分国家胃癌发生率呈下降趋势,但我国胃癌的发病率和死亡率仍居高不下。胃癌的发生是多因素共同参与的复杂过程,如与种族、遗传、年龄、性别、幽门螺旋杆菌感染、饮食等因素相关,其中饮食及生活习惯被认为与胃癌的发生关系密切。而且早期胃癌的预后相对良好,降低发生率是防治胃癌的一项关键措施。因此,通过了解饮食及生活习惯因素与胃癌之间的关系,可以加强胃癌的一级预防,从而改善胃癌患者预后。本文就高盐、高脂饮食,蛋白质、蔬菜水果摄入以及吸烟、饮酒等因素与胃癌关系的研究进展进行综述,以期对胃癌的预防奠定一定基础。

Research Progress of the Relationship between Dietary Habit and Gastric Cancer

Gastric cancer is a malignant tumor that originated from gastric mucosal epithelial cells. Although the incidence of gastric cancer has declined in most countries over the past decades, the incidence and mortality of gastric cancer in China is still very high. The occurrence of gastric cancer is a complex process that participated by multiple factors, such as race, genetic factor, age, gender, infection, dietary factors and so on. Among them, dietary factors are thought to be closely correlated with the occurrence of gastric cancer. Otherwise, the prognosis of early gastric cancer is much better than advanced cancer. To reduce the incidence is a key measure to prevent and treat gastric cancer. Therefore, it is particularly important to understand the relationship between dietary factors and stomach carcinoma for enhancing primary prevention and the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. In this article, we reviewed the research progress about the correlation between high intake of salt and fat, protein, fruits, vegetables, smoking, drinking, dietary factors and gastric cancer to lay a foundation for the prevention of gastric cancer.