Improving the mineral reserves and protein quality of maize (Zea mays L.) kernels using unique genes |
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| Authors: | Welch R M Smith M E van Campen D R Schaefer S C |
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| Institution: | (1) USDA-ARS U.S. Plant, Soil and Nutrition Laboratory, Ithaca, NY;(2) Department of Plant Breeding and Biometry, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY |
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| Abstract: | The effects of the maize genes, o
2 and Mal, on the concentrations of mineral nutrient cations and amino acid levels in mature maize (Zea mays L) kernels of various inbred lines were studied. Previously, the o
2 gene has been used to improve the protein quality and increase the mineral nutrient content of kernels from some inbred lines. Genotypes possessing the Mal (multiple aleurone layer) gene, contain more than one row of aleurone cells in their kernels and this gene enhances the effect of the o
2gene on improving kernel protein quality. Incorporating these genes into the maize genome increased accumulation of several mineral nutrients (including Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu) in some of the experimental lines studied. The physiological basis for this increase of mineral nutrients in the kernels is discussed. The effect of the Mal gene on the kernel amino acid composition and protein quality was also examined. Possibly, these genes could be used in combination in breeding programs to improve kernel quality and nutritional value of maize. |
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| Keywords: | calcium copper iron lysine magnesium manganese methionine nutrition nutritional quality seed vigor zinc |
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