大豆蛋白质含量的遗传变异及其与主要农艺性状的相关性分析

摘要：以综合性状优良的黄淮海区主栽大豆品种中黄13为轮回亲本，从大豆微核心种质中选择蛋白质含量显著低于或高于轮回亲本的中黄20、东山69、迟黄豆-1和泰兴牛毛黄乙等4个品种作为供体亲本，比较分析了4个组合的RP、DP、F2、BC1F2和BC2F2蛋白质含量的遗传变异及其与主要农艺性状的相关性，结果表明，双亲蛋白质含量高有利于提高其杂交、回交后代的蛋白质平均含量及超轮回亲本个体比例；F2、BC1F2和BC2F2群体蛋白质含量的变异系数依次降低，BC2F2的蛋白质平均含量及其变异系数接近于轮回亲本；蛋白质含量在F2群体内呈正态分布，在双亲蛋白质含量高的组合中，其BC1F2群体呈偏态分布，但在BC2F2群体恢复了正态分布，稳定较快；供体亲本与其杂交2代、回交1代和回交2代在蛋白质含量、脂肪含量、株高、单株荚数、单株粒数、百粒重等性状上呈显著或极显著相关。

Analysis on Genetic Variation of the Protein Content and Correlation between Protein Content and Main Agronomic Characters of Soybean

Backcrossing was an effective way to breeding high-protein soybean lines.In this study Zhonghuang 13 popularized in Yellow-Huai-Hai Valley with super synthetic characters was choose to be the recurrent parent of four crosses.Zhonghuang 20 and Dongshan 69 which were lower significantly than recurrent parent and Chihuangdou-1 and Taixingniumaohuangyi which were higher significantly than recurrent parent on protein content were screened from soybean mini core collection to be the donor parents.The RP,DP,F2,BC1...