南海海军部队特发性瘙痒症患者皮肤马拉色菌定植调查

目的研究南海海军部队特发性皮肤瘙痒症患者皮肤马拉色菌的检出以及菌种的构成，探讨马拉色菌与特发性瘙痒症之间的相关性。方法对采自56例特发性瘙痒症患者与50例健康者的鳞屑标本进行真菌学镜检及采用菜子油培养基培养，根据菌落形态和生理生化特点进行菌种鉴定。结果观察组与对照组镜检阳性率分别为74．10％和72．00％，X2=0．344，P〉0．05两者比较无统计学意义。而镜检马拉色菌孢子密度Ⅲ级以上（每10个高倍视野≥50个者），观察组与对照组分别为74．70％和38．89％，X2=20．30，P〈0．01。两者统计学比较差异有显著性意义。观察组168份标本共分离出143株马拉色菌，阳性率85．12％。其中合轴马拉色菌97株（67．83％），球形马拉色菌26株（18．18％），糠秕马拉色菌19株（13．29％），钝形马拉色菌1株（0．70％）。对照组分离出马拉色菌107株，阳性率71．33％；其中糠秕马拉色菌55株（51．40％），合轴马拉色菌33株（30．84％），球形马拉色菌14株（13．08％），钝形马拉色菌5株（4．67％）。菌种检出率和菌种构成差异均有显著性（X2=2．99，P〈0．01和7。X2=51.16，P〈0．01）。结论南海海军部队特发性瘙痒症患者皮肤马拉色菌载量较正常人高，其优势菌是合轴马拉色菌。

The investigation of the colonization of Malassezia yeasts in skin of the patients with pruritus of unknown origin

Objective To investigate the colonization and the species identification of Malassezia yeasts in skin of the pa- tients with pruritus of unknown origin （PUO） in the Marine corps in southern China. The purpose of our study was to evalu- ated the relationship between Malassezia microflora and PUO. Methods The samples collected from the skin of 56 cases of patients with PUO and 50 healthy controls were detected by direct microscopic examination using Crystal violet staining and were cultured using rapeseed oil medium. The yeasts isolated were identified by their morphological and bio-physiological properties according to Guillot et al method. Results In both observation and control groups, the positive rate of direct mi- croscopic examination were respectively 74.10 % and 72.00%, No statistical difference was observed （ X2 = 0. 344, P〉0. 05） between the two groups. However, the positive rate of the colonization density of Malassezia spores at level III-IV （Per 10 HPF≥50-100 spores） in the observation group were significantly higher than it in the control group. （were respectively 74.70 % and 38.89%, X2= 520. 30, P 〈0.05）. Four Malassezia species were identified from 143 isolates obtained from the observation group, the positive rate were 85.12% （143/168）, in which 97 isolates were identified as M. sympodialis （67. 83% 70% 33% , 26 isolates wereM, globosa （18.18%）, and 19 isolates wereM, furfur （13.29%） ,and 1 isolates wereM, obtuse （ 0.70% Four Malassezia species were identified from 107 isolates obtained from the control group , the positive rate were 71.33% in which 55 isolates were identified as M. furfur （ 51. 40%） , 33 isolates were M. sympodialis （30.84%） , 14 iso lates were M. globosa （ 13.08 % ） , and 5 isolates were M. obtuse （ 4.67 % ） . The identification rate and distribution of Malas- sezia yeasts in the skin were significantly different between the two groups （ X2= 2.99, P〈0.01 and X2= 51.16, P 〈0.01, respectively）. Conclusion The colonizat