Spatially organized multicellular immune hubs in human colorectal cancer

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NKT细胞在抗肿瘤免疫中的作用及其机制

NKT细胞是免疫细胞中一类具有NK细胞特定标志的T细胞亚群,经活化,既可直接作为抗肿瘤效应细胞发挥杀伤作用,又能通过激活其他免疫效应细胞,如NK细胞,间接实现抗肿瘤作用。NKT细胞在抗肿瘤免疫、获得性免疫应答及免疫调节中起着重要作用。     

五种假单胞菌的分离鉴定及其生物活性

【目的】从湖南长沙市采集到的土样中分离假单胞菌并进行归类,研究各菌株抑菌和抗肿瘤生物活性,以丰富假单胞菌菌种资源并为微生物次级代谢物的挖掘奠定基础。【方法】采用大蜡螟诱集法诱集分离假单胞菌,结合形态观察、生理生化特征和16S rRNA基因序列同源性分析,鉴定并归类各细菌,通过平板扩散法、对峙培养法和肿瘤细胞毒性试验分别研究各菌株抑制细菌、拮抗真菌和抗肿瘤细胞等生物活性。【结果】从湖南长沙市郊区菜地、林地中分离得到5株假单胞菌,归类并命名为Pseudomonas protegens CY01、绿针假单胞菌CY02(Pseudomonas chlororaphis CY02)、栖稻假单胞菌CY04(Pseudomonas oryzihabitans CY04)、Pseudomonas sp.CY05和恶臭假单胞菌CY06(Pseudomonas putida CY06)。P.protegens CY01和P.chlororaphis CY02对枯草芽胞杆菌(Bacillus subtillis)和金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)具有较好的抑菌效果,P.chlororaphis CY02对水稻稻瘟病菌(Pyricularia oryzae)具有良好的拮抗作用,对小鼠黑色素瘤细胞B16具有较强的细胞毒性。【结论】分离得到的P.chlororaphis CY02,在抑制病原细菌、拮抗水稻稻瘟病菌和抗肿瘤细胞等方面具有显著效果。     

Isolation and Characterization of Two Plasmids in Bacillus subtilis var. amylosacchariticus

Five bufadienolides (1-5) isolated from the leaves of Kalanchoe pinnata and K. daigremontiana×tubiflora (Crassulaceae) were examined for their inhibitory effects on Epstein-Barr virus early antigen (EBV-EA) activation in Raji cells induced by the tumor promoter, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate. All bufadienolides showed inhibitory activity, and bryophyllin A (1) exhibited the most marked inhibition (IC₅₀=0.4 μM) among the tested compounds. Bryophyllin C (2), a reduction analogue of 1, and bersaldegenin-3-acetate (3) lacking the orthoacetate moiety were less active. These results strongly suggest that bufadienolides are potential cancer chemopreventive agents.     

Construction of novel chimeric proteins through the truncation of SEC2 and Sak from Staphylococcus aureus

It is an usual clinical phenomenon that cancer patients are prone to thrombosis. Until now, there have been no efficient methods or appropriate drugs to prevent and cure tumor thrombus. Therefore, the construction of a bifunctional chimeric protein for the treatment of cancer, complicated with thrombosis, is of great significance. Utilizing the superantigenic activity of staphylococcal enterotoxin C2 (SEC2) and the thrombolytic activity of staphylokinase (Sak), Sak-linker-SEC2 and SEC2-linker-Sak were constructed which had good anti-tumor and thrombolytic activities at the same time. Due to the intrinsic emetic activity of SEC2 and high molecular weight (MW) of chimeric proteins (44?kDa), their clinical applications will be restricted. In this study, novel chimeric proteins including ΔSEC2–ΔSak and ΔSak–ΔSEC2 were constructed through the truncation of SEC2 and Sak without 9-Ala linker and His-tag. Compared with the former, both the truncated proteins preserved nearly the same anti-tumor and thrombolytic activities. In addition, their MWs were only 29?kDa and their immunoreactivities were slightly lower than that of Sak-linker-SEC2 and SEC2-linker-Sak, respectively. Therefore, the novel chimeric proteins possessed merits and characteristics, such as low MS, low immunogenicity, and difunctionality which the former had not. It will be of great interest if the above-mentioned proteins can be used to cure Trousseau syndrome in clinic.     

雨生红球藻中虾青素的研究与应用

雨生红球藻是单细胞微藻,其中的虾青素具有抗氧化、抗肿瘤、预防心脑血管疾病等多种生物活性,在食品、医药、保健品、化妆品及养殖业有诸多用途。概述了雨生红球藻虾青素含量影响因素,雨生红球藻培养方法、虾青素的提取方法及其应用领域等最新研究成果,为虾青素的开发利用提供帮助。     

酸浆的化学成分及药理作用研究进展

酸浆为茄科多年生草本植物,资源丰富,应用广泛。迄今已从酸浆中分离鉴定出159种化合物,可分为类固醇类、黄酮类、苯丙素类、含氮化合物等。借助现代药理学研究手段,酸浆广泛的药理活性被陆续发现,其可发挥抗炎、抗菌、抗氧化、抗肿瘤等功效,同时在抗糖尿病、抗衰老、抗肥胖以及调节肠道菌群平衡等方面也发挥着重要的作用。本文主要对酸浆化学成分及药理作用的研究进展进行综述,以期为酸浆的合理开发和综合应用提供科学依据。     

雷公藤提取物中主要物质基础及其抗肿瘤活性研究北大核心CSCD

为进一步阐明雷公藤中的主要物质基础,并评价其抗肿瘤活性。该研究采用柱层析、HPLC等技术,对雷公藤提取物进行研究。结果表明:(1)从雷公藤95%乙醇提取物中分离得到12个化合物,根据理化性质及波谱数据鉴定各化合物的结构分别为α,β-amyrenone(1)、3β-acetoxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid(2)、antriptolactone(3)、ω-hydroxypropioquaiacone(4)、3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-propenal(5)、3-methoxy-4-hydroxy phenylethanol(6)、vanillin(7)、3,4,5-三甲氧基苯酚(8)、对羟基苯甲酸(9)、对羟基苯甲醛(10)、vanillyl alcohol(11)、2,6-dimethxy-1,4-benzoquinone(12)。其中,化合物1、2、5、12为首次在该属植物中分离得到。(2)采用噻唑蓝(MTT)法对12个化合物进行抗SH-SY5Y细胞株、K562细胞株和Hel细胞株3种肿瘤细胞系细胞增殖活性的筛选,并对活性较好的化合物12进行Hoechst荧光染色和促凋亡作用的检测发现,化合物2、3、5、12具有一定的抗肿瘤活性,其中化合物12的抗肿瘤活性最为显著(SH-SY5Y细胞、Hel细胞、K562细胞的IC_(50)值分别为35.6、14.3、28.8μmol·L^(-1))。该研究结果进一步丰富了雷公藤的化学成分,发现了1个具有明显抗肿瘤活性的单体物质,为雷公藤的进一步开发提供了科学依据。     

涡旋磁纳米颗粒——崭新的生物医用磁性纳米平台

相比于超顺磁性纳米颗粒,具有涡旋磁畴的磁性纳米颗粒,由于独特的磁化闭合分布、较大的粒径尺寸及外加磁场中的磁化翻转特性,使得其兼具弱的颗粒间磁相互作用和更优异的磁学性能,在生物医学领域展现出了更好的应用优势和潜力.本综述结合近年来国内外对涡旋磁畴的研究及涡旋磁纳米颗粒在生物医学领域的报道,提出了一类新型的生物医用涡旋磁溶胶体系,并以涡旋磁氧化铁纳米盘和纳米环为例,介绍了涡旋磁纳米颗粒的化学合成,并着重论述了这类具有独特涡旋畴结构的纳米颗粒在磁共振成像、抗肿瘤治疗等生物医学应用上的最新研究进展.