中国蟹蛛科（蜘蛛目）新种记述

记述我国蟹蛛科花蟹蛛属６新种和蟹蛛属２新种,共计８新种,金林花蟹蛛Ｘｙｓｔｉｃｕｓｊｉｎｌｉｎ,玛纳斯花蟹蛛Ｘ．ｍａｎａｓ,林芝花蟹蛛Ｘ．ｎｙｉｎｇｃｈｉｅｎｓｉｓ,拟斑花蟹蛛Ｘ．ｐａｒａｐｕｎｃｔａｔｕｓ,似旋花蟹蛛Ｘ．ｔｏｒｓｉｖｏｉｄｅｓ,吴氏花蟹蛛Ｘ．ｗｕａｅ,广西蟹蛛Ｔｈｏｍｉｓｕｓｇｕａｎｇｘｉｃｕｓ和胡氏蟹蛛Ｔ．ｈｕｉ。     

Ant versus bird exclusion effects on the arthropod assemblage of an organic citrus grove

1. Predation‐exclusion experiments have highlighted that top‐down control is pervasive in terrestrial communities, but most of these experiments are simplistic in that they only excluded a single group of predators and the effect of removal was evaluated on a few species from the community. The main goal of our study was to experimentally establish the relative effects of ants and birds on the same arthropod assemblage of canopy trees. 2. We conducted 1‐year long manipulative experiments in an organic citrus grove intended to quantify the independent effects of bird and ant predators on the abundance of arthropods. Birds were excluded with plastic nets whereas ants were excluded with sticky barriers on the trunks. The sticky barrier also excluded other ground dwelling insects, like the European earwig Forficula auricularia L. 3. Both the exclusion of ants and birds affected the arthropod community of the citrus canopies, but the exclusion of ants was far more important than the exclusion of birds. Indeed, almost all groups of arthropods had higher abundance in ant‐excluded than in control trees, whereas only dermapterans were more abundant in bird‐excluded than in control trees. A more detailed analysis conducted on spiders also showed that the effect of ant exclusion was limited to a few families rather than being widespread over the entire diverse spectrum of spiders. 4. Our results suggest that the relative importance of vertebrate and invertebrate predators in regulating arthropod populations largely depends on the nature of the predator–prey system.     

安徽烟田4种蜘蛛记述

记述安徽凤阳和宣州烟田中蜘蛛4种:1.头突艾蛛Cyclosa cephalodina Songet Liu,sp.nov.;2.皖高亮腹蛛Hypsosinga wanica Song,Qian et Gao,sp.nov.;3.卷片花蟹蛛Xysticus crispabilis Song et Gao,sp.nov.;4.棒跃蛛Sitticus clavator Schenkel,1936。     

蒙古花蟹蛛生物学特性及对棉铃虫幼虫捕食作用的初步研究

蒙古花蟹蛛在乌鲁木齐和玛纳斯一年发生一代,以初龄幼蛛越冬,3月底4月初出蛰,8月中旬始见成蛛雌雄比约1∶0.87。交配大都在白天,可多次交配。抗逆性极强,三龄幼蛛耐饥、渴可达80天。在棉田其发生(?)与棉铃虫明显相关,r=0.7969。捕食棉铃虫幼虫的功能反应属Holling Ⅱ型,其捕食率随自身密度的增大而(?)小,m=0.5949。     

Is Xysticus kochi (Araneae: Thomisidae) an efficient indigenous biocontrol agent of Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)?

According to the present practice of Hungarian greenhouse sweet pepper production, only exotic agents are used for biological control purposes against thrips pests. The suitability for biological control of the second instars of an indigenous species, the common crab spider, Xysticus kochi Thorell (Araneae: Thomisidae) was tested on thrips species, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) and Frankliniella intonsa (Trybom) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) using a cage set-up on greenhouse sweet pepper plants. Effects of introducing second instars of X. kochi on thrips infested plants were judged by assessing the degree of aesthetical damage, the commercial value of the fruits (degree of economic loss) and the quality composition of the harvested peppers. The estimated damaged surface unit was significantly lower in control plants than in plants infested by F. occidentalis. A significant effect of the spider introduction was observed in all of the pepper quality indicators applied. We suspect that direct Xysticus predation or any other predator-induced effect resulted in reduced levels of damage on harvested peppers. However, further investigation is needed to detect the origin (e.g., predation and non-predation effects) of the suppression of thrips damage. Our results suggest that X. kochi could be an effective component of greenhouse antagonistic fauna and the application of mulch may encourage the effectiveness of spiderlings. An erratum to this article can be found at     

陕西蟹蛛科蜘蛛三新种记述──(蜘蛛目)

本文记述陕西秦岭山区蟹蛛科Ｔｈｏｎｄｓｉｄａｅ蜘蛛三新种：高寒花蟹蛛,新种Ｘｙｓｔｉｃｕｓａｌｓｕｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ,太白峭腹蛛,新种Ｔｍａｒｕｓｔａｉｂａｉｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,秦岭峭腹蛛,新种Ｔｍａｒｕｓｑｉｎｌｉｎｇｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．．