A new stain for identification of avian leukocytes

Differential staining of avian leukocytes was achieved within 6 min following brief fixation in a methanolic solution of C.I. acid red 360 followed by immersion in a mixture containing C.I. basic blue 41, C.I. basic blue 141, and C.I. acid red 52. Heterophils contained black angular and punctate granules. Eosinophils contained bright purple granules. Lymphocytes displayed red nuclei and blue cytoplasm. Monocytes contained red-brown nuclei and lavender cytoplasm. Basophils showed red-orange granules. Thrombocytes stained deep purple. Compared to traditional panoptic stains like Wright's or Giemsa's, the new staining method provides brighter colors, more precise details of cellular structures, and shorter staining time. Significantly, it facilitates identification of avian leukocyte species based on differences in color as well as differences in size and shape.     

Purification and characterization of two extracellular proteinases from Arthrobacter nicotianae 9458

Two extracellular serine proteinases with molecular masses of about 53–55 and 70–72 kDa, were purified from Arthrobacter nicotianae 9458 and characterized. The enzymes differed with respect to temperature optimum, 55–60 and 37°C, respectively, tolerance to low values of pH and temperature, heat stability, sensitivity to EDTA and sulfhydryl blocking agents, and hydrophobicity. Both proteinases were optimally active in the pH range of 9.0 and 9.5, had considerable activity at pH 6.0 on α_s1- and β-caseins, and tolerated NaCl over 5%. Specificity on casein fractions was generally similar and β-casein was more susceptible to hydrolysis than α_s1-casein. The proteinases of Arthrobacter spp. may play a significant role in ripening of the smear surface-ripened cheeses.     

微波免疫组织化学技术在宫颈癌涂片快速诊断中的应用

本文应用微波免疫组化ＡＢＣ技术检测了６７例宫颈涂片细胞中ＥＭＡ的分布。结果,Ｉ～Ｖ级宫颈涂片ＥＭＡ阳性率分别为３０％（３／１０）、５０％（５／１０）、７０％（７／１０）、９３．７％（１５／１６）和９５．２％（２０／２１）。Ⅰ、Ⅱ级与Ⅲ级,Ⅲ级与Ⅳ、Ⅴ级ＥＭＡ阳性率均有显著差异性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。结果提示：ＥＭＡ可作为宫颈涂片细胞的分化标志,有助于良恶性细胞的鉴别。同时对形态学不够恶性而ＥＭＡ呈强阳性者,有潜在恶变的物质基础。在抗体稀释度相同时,微波免疫组化较常规免疫组化具有特异性染色深。背景浅,反应时间显著缩短等特点。     

酸奶中乳酸菌镜检涂片的特殊染色法

报道了酸奶中乳酸菌涂片的特殊染色法-甲苯胺蓝染色法。涂片固定后,用0．2％甲苯胺蓝染色液染色2min,然后,用1％乙酸溶液脱色数秒,即可使涂片中的菌体着奥蓝色,而背景呈现白色或无色,菌体形状十分清晰。即使涂片很厚且不均,也可清晰看到菌体。便于菌体细胞的计数,形态观察及摄影．     

痰标本涂片检查与培养结果分析

目的：探讨痰标本涂片检查在细菌培养以及临床治疗中的意义。方法：送检标本首先直接涂片革兰染色镜检,同时将合格痰标本划分为以阴性杆菌、阳性球菌、霉菌为主和普通标本四大类。再对合格痰标本行细菌学培养及药物敏感测定。结果：314份痰标本合格率为62．4％(196／314)。196份合格痰标本共检出145株病原菌,培养阳性率74．0％。涂片以阴性杆菌、阳性球菌、霉菌为主的标本与培养结果符合率分别为93．1％、68．4％和41．2％。结论：痰培养结果的准确性受痰标本是否合格、病原菌的生长速度以及是否使用过大剂量抗生素等因素直接影响。临床医生必须依据临床症状及涂片结果判断作出何种为真正的病原菌。     

A new stain for identification of avian leukocytes

Differential staining of avian leukocytes was achieved within 6 min following brief fixation in a methanolic solution of C.I. acid red 360 followed by immersion in a mixture containing C.I. basic blue 41, C.I. basic blue 141, and C.I. acid red 52. Heterophils contained black angular and punctate granules. Eosinophils contained bright purple granules. Lymphocytes displayed red nuclei and blue cytoplasm. Monocytes contained red-brown nuclei and lavender cytoplasm. Basophils showed red-orange granules. Thrombocytes stained deep purple. Compared to traditional panoptic stains like Wright's or Giemsa's, the new staining method provides brighter colors, more precise details of cellular structures, and shorter staining time. Significantly, it facilitates identification of avian leukocyte species based on differences in color as well as differences in size and shape.     

结核分枝杆菌/利福平耐药实时荧光定量核酸扩增检测技术对肺外结核性脓肿的诊断价值分析

摘要 目的：探讨结核分枝杆菌/利福平耐药实时荧光定量核酸扩增检测技术（Xpert MTB/RIF）对肺外结核性脓肿的诊断价值。方法：收集2020年1月至2021年12月无锡市第五人民医院住院的122例高度疑似肺外结核性脓肿患者为研究对象,在超声引导下对脓肿病灶进行针吸穿刺活检,脓液标本分别进行Xpert MTB/RIF检测、结核杆菌脱氧核糖核酸（TB-DNA）检测、MGIT 960培养以及涂片抗酸染色。以临床综合诊断作为参考标准,比较Xpert MTB/RIF检测、TB-DNA检测、MGIT 960培养以及涂片抗酸染色四种方法对肺外结核性脓肿的诊断效能。对比Xpert MTB/RIF检测和MGIT 960药敏试验对利福平的耐药性。观察各类肺外结核性脓肿患者的诊断延迟时间。结果：122例疑似患者中,最终确诊肺外结核性脓肿患者73例,非结核性脓肿者49例。Xpert MTB/RIF检测、MGIT 960培养、TB-DNA检测以及涂片抗酸染色四种方法在肺外结核性脓肿标本中的阳性检出率结果分别为89.04%、20.55%、58.90%、36.99%,四种方法的阳性检出率整体比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）,Xpert MTB/RIF检测的阳性检出率明显高于MGIT 960培养、TB-DNA检测以及涂片抗酸染色法,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。以临床综合诊断作为参考标准,Xpert MTB/RIF检测诊断肺外结核性脓肿者的临床诊断价值最高,其敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值分别为89.04%、100.00%、100.00%、85.96%。Xpert MTB/RIF检测与MGIT 960药敏试验对利福平耐药率之间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。肺外结核性脓肿诊断存在明显延迟,尤其以关节结核性脓肿诊断延迟时间最长,平均为103.5天;但在结核性脓胸患者中诊断延迟时间最短,平均为7.6天。结论：与MGIT 960培养、TB-DNA检测以及涂片抗酸染色比较,Xpert MTB/RIF在肺外结核性脓肿中的阳性检出率较高,临床诊断价值最佳,表明其可用作为疑似结核性脓肿患者的快速诊断工具,同时在结核耐药性方面亦可以做到快速筛查。     

Purification and characterization of an extracellular proline iminopeptidase from Arthrobacter nicotianae 9458

An extracellular proline iminopeptidase, with a molecular mass of about 53 kDa, was purified from Arthrobacter nicotianae 9458 and characterized. The enzyme had temperature and pH optima of 37 degrees C and 8.0, respectively, was completely inactivated by heating for 1 min at 80 degrees C and showed highest activity on Pro-pNA. The proline iminopeptidase was characterized by activity at low temperature, NaCl concentrations up to 7.5% and by high sensitivity to pH values 6.0, serine enzyme inhibitor PMSF and divalent cations, Fe2+, Sn2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Hg2+, Co2+ and Ni2+. The extracellular proline iminopeptidase from A. nicotianae 9458 was able to hydrolyze proline-containing peptides at the pH, temperature and NaCl concentration typical of the surface of smear-ripened cheese and may contribute to proteolysis of these cheeses during ripening.