黑龙江省低额溞属的种类及分布（鳃足纲：双甲目）

本文对黑龙江省低额属Ｓｉｍｏｃｅｐｈａｌｕｓ的种类及分布进行了初步的调查。鉴定出低额９种,即锯顶低额Ｓｉｍｏｃｅｐｈａｌｕｓｓｅｒｒｕｌａｔｕｓ,老年低额Ｓ．ｖｅｔｕｌｕｓ,拟老年低额Ｓ．ｖｅｔｕｌｏｉｄｅｓ,棘爪低额Ｓ．ｅｘｓｆｉｎｏｓｕｓ,西伯利亚低额Ｓ．ｓｉｂｉｒｉｃｕｓ,角壳低额Ｓ．ｌｕｓａｔｉｃｕｓ,微齿低额Ｓ．ｈｉｍａｌａｙｅｎｓｉｓｍｉｃｒｏｄｕｓ,黑龙江低额Ｓ．ｈｅｉｌｏｎｇｊｔａｎｇｅｎｓｉｓ和北安低额Ｓ．ｂｅｉａｎｅｎｓｉｓ。对各种低额的形态特征及分布特点作了概括并编制了种的检索表。对所述各种的模式形态及已获种中雄体的精子形态提供活体照片。对部分低额生活环境中的几种主要因子进行了测试,其结果表明,本属各种多生活在水质清洁溶解氧较高且偏碱的水环境中,其水质多在寡污到β中污之间。     

大齿大尾溞一新亚种(鳃足纲:双甲目)

本文绘图描述了大齿大尾骚的一新亚种,定名为长毛大尾溞Leydigia macrondonta longiseta subsp.nov.新亚种与其它亚种的主要不同是:后腹部每簇侧刚毛中的3—4根刚毛自前至后趋长,并且都比较长。     

中国大尾溞属的初步研究(鳃足纲:双甲目)

本文编制了中国大尾溞属Leydigia新的分种检索表,并描述了一新种——溪河太尾溞L.fluminea sp.nov.     

尖额溞属一新种(双甲目:盘肠溞科)

本文记述采自四川嘉陵江中的枝角类尖额溞属一新种,其主要特征是后腹部很短而宽,后末缘并不拱圆突出,却缓斜而后急转向肛门陷,使转折处形成一钝角,这在本属中尚不多见。新种复眼大于单眼,爪刺基部无细刺,后腹部栉毛束中各毛长短相近,肛刺有8一10个;壳瓣腹缘前后两端无特别长的刚毛;唇片上也无一撮细毛等特征可与近似种相区别。     

中国低额溞属二新种和二新纪录（甲壳纲：双甲目：溞科）

本文描述了中国枝角类科低额属的两个新种：黑龙江低额Ｓｉｍｏｃｅｐｈａｌｕｓｈｅｉｏｎｇｊｉａｎｇｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．和北安低额Ｓｉｍｏｃｅｐｈａｌｕｓｂｅｉａｎｅｎｓｉｓｂｅｉａｎｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．及两个中国新记录种．     

Larval development of Lynceus brachyurus (Crustacea, Branchiopoda, Laevicaudata): redescription of unusual crustacean nauplii, with special attention to the molt between last nauplius and first juvenile

The larval development of "conchostracans" has received only scattered attention. Here I present the results of a study on the larval (naupliar) development and the metamorphosis of Lynceus brachyurus, a member of the bivalved branchiopod order the Laevicaudata. Lynceus brachyurus is the only species of the "Conchostraca" in Denmark. The phylogenetic position of the Laevicaudata has traditionally been a source of controversy, and this study does not solve the question completely. This work focuses on features potentially important for phylogeny. The general appearance of the larvae of L. brachyurus has been known for more than a century and a half, and some of its unique features include a large, larval dorsal shield; a huge, plate-like labrum; and a pair of immovable, horn-like antennules. However, many details relating to limb morphology, potentially important for phylogeny, have not been studied previously. Based on size categories, five or six larval stages can be recognized. The larvae approximately double their length and width during development (length: 230-520 microm). Most morphological features stay largely unchanged during development, but the antennal coxal masticatory spines are significant exceptions: they become bifid after one of the first molts. In all larval stages only the antennae and the mandibles actively move. In late naupliar stages the trunk limbs become visible as rows of laterally placed, undeveloped, and still immovable lobes. Swimming is performed by the antennae, whereas the mandibles appear to be involved mainly in feeding, as in other branchiopod larvae. The last naupliar stage undergoes a small metamorphosis to the first juvenile stage, the details of which in part were studied by following the premolt juvenile condition through the cuticle of the last stage nauplius. Among other changes there is a characteristic change in the shape and morphology of the univalved dorsal naupliar shield to a bivalved juvenile carapace. The general morphologies of the antennae and the mandibles are very similar to those of other branchiopod larvae and fall well within the "branchiopod naupliar feeding apparatus" recognized as a branchiopod synapomorphy by Olesen (2003), but some specific features shared with the larvae of other "conchostracans" are also identified. These special "conchostracan" features include: 1) a similar antennular setation; 2) a similar comb-like setulation of the bifid antennal coxal processes; and 3) mandibular palpsetae with setules condensed. In light of recent suggestions concerning branchiopod phylogeny (Cyclestheria as a sister group to the Cladocera), these similarities probably do not support a monophyletic "Conchostraca" but rather are symplesiomorphies of this taxon. A final decision must await a phylogenetic analysis of a more complete set of characters.     

中国盘肠溞属三新种(甲壳纲:双甲目:盘肠溞科)

本文绘图描述了中国枝角类盘肠溞科盘肠溞属的三个新种:1.腹针盘肠溞Chydorus aciculaius sp.nov.的主要特征为壳瓣腹缘中部有一向后的针刺;2.多刺盘肠溞Chydorus spinosus sp.nov.的主要特征为整个壳瓣表面密布细刺;3.断壳盘肠溞Chydorus mutilatus sp.nov.的主要特征为壳瓣背缘后部平截内陷,有如断缺。     

On the ontogeny of Leptodora kindtii (Crustacea,Branchiopoda, Cladocera), with notes on the phylogeny of the Cladocera

Leptodora kindtii, a large predaceous cladoceran, is among the most deviant species of the Cladocera. Therefore, its phylogenetic position has traditionally proven difficult to determine. Its many peculiar features include, among others, long, stenopodous, forwardly directed trunk limbs, a posteriorly placed dorsal brood pouch, a tri-lobed lower lip, and a long, segmented abdomen. This study describes the ontogeny of L. kindtii (Haplopoda), including general body proportions, appendages, the carapace, and other external structures in an attempt to facilitate the comparison of its aberrant morphology to that of other branchiopods. In general, the early embryos are similar to the early embryos of other cladoceran taxa with respect to body shape and size and position and orientation of the early limb buds. Many of the unusual features of L. kindtii appear late in ontogeny. The carapace appears at an early stage as a pair of dorsolateral swellings in a position corresponding to the gap between the mandibles and the first pair of trunk limbs; it later becomes posteriorly transposed by a gradual fusion of its more anterior parts to the dorsal side of the thorax. The tri-lobed "lower lip," under the labrum of the late embryo and the adult, develops as a fusion of the first maxillae (lateral lobes) to an elevated sternal region behind the mouth (median lobe). The stenopodous, segmented trunk limbs in the adult develop from embryonic, elongate, subdivided limb buds, similar to those seen in early stages of other branchiopods. Two conflicting possibilities for the phylogeny of the Cladocera, involving two different positions of L. kindtii (Haplopoda), are discussed. Several characters support a sister-group relationship between the Haplopoda and Onychopoda. However, some characters support the Anomopoda and Onychopoda as sister groups, leaving the Haplopoda outside this clade. In contrast to recent suggestions, we prefer to retain the term "Cladocera" in its original sense as comprising the Haplopoda, Ctenopoda, Anomopoda, and Onychopoda.