Fractal root system of Melica przewalskyi along different aspect in degraded grassland

Aims Fractal root system is phenotypic plasticity result of plant root architecture to respond to environmental heterogeneity, may reflect the growth strategy of plants to adapt to environmental conditions. Our objective was to explore the relationship between root fractal dimension and fractal abundance of fractal root system of Melica przewalskyi population in response to aspect variation in the northwest of China. Methods The study site was located in a degraded alpine grassland on the northern slope in Qilian Mountains, Gansu Province, China. Survey and sampling were carried out at 40 plots which were set up along four slope aspects transects with 20 m distance between adjacent plots. Handheld GPS was used to determine the elevation, longitude and latitude of each plot. ArcGIS was used to set up digital elevation model (DEM). Community traits were investigated and six individuals roots of M. przewalskyi were collected randomly at each plot. The samples were cleaned and divided into different organs, then scanning the root with the Win-RHIZO for measurements of fractal dimension and fractal abundance in laboratory, and their biomass were then measured after being dried at 80 °C in an oven. Important findings With the slope aspect turned from north to east, west, and south, the density, height and soil moisture content of the plant community displayed a pattern of initial decline, the height, density, root fractal abundance of M. przewalskyi increased and the root fractal dimension decreased. The root fractal dimension was negatively associated with the fractal abundance in all aspects, but the relationship varied along the slope aspects gradient; there was a highly significant negative correlation (p < 0.01) between the root fractal dimension and fractal abundance at north slope and south slope aspect, whereas the correlation only reached a significant level (p < 0.05) at the east slope aspect and west slope aspect; indicating that there is a trade-off between the root fractal dimension and fractal abundance. In addition, when the slope aspect changed from north to east, west and south, the standardized major axis (SMA) slope of the regression equation in the scaling relationships between root fractal dimension and fractal abundance increased (p < 0.05), indicating that the roots of M. przewalskyi at the droughty southern slope have less branch and more sparse in the same soil volume of root exploitation and utilization. Consequently, the resource allocation pattern on reasonable trade-off between root fractal dimension and fractal abundance in different slope aspect of M. przewalskyi, reflects the relationship between the income and the cost of construction of plant root architecture.     

树qu（Tuapaia belangeri chinensis）的动脉

本文在对中国树qu的动脉系作系统解剖的基础上,记述了树qu动脉分支的主要特征。同时,还与其他有关种类作了比较研究。结果表明,中国树qu动脉系的主要特征与树qu科中的其他种类如笔尾树qu、普通树qu和地树qu等的动脉系极为相似,而与灵长类中的猿猴类有较大差异。     

臭Qu种群相对数量季节变化的初步分析

１９８５年４月１９９２年１２月,作者采用夹日法对萧山围垦农区臭Ｑｕ种群动态进行了连续逐月定点定时的研究。结果表明：臭Ｑｕ种群相对数量的季节消长呈后峰型双峰曲线,５月和１０月各出现一次高,怀孕率在２月和７月各出现一次高峰,平均胎仔数在５－６月和８－９月相对较多。室外群种相对数量高峰在４月和９－１０月;室内种群在５月和１０月,前峰不及室外种群明显。室内种群雌体怀孕率明显于室外种群。种群相对数量的季节变     

中缅树Qu的非颤抖性产热及细胞呼吸特征

中缅树qu(Tupaia belangeri chinensis)是东南亚树qu中分布最北的一个种。在热中性区内的非颤抖性产热(nonshivering thermogenesis NST)分别为2.57±0.21(冬)和2.21±0.12(夏)mlO[2]／(g·h);分别为体重预期值的75.9%和61.2%,两者不仅冬季显著高于夏季,而且亦高于典型的热带种类,但低于温带类群。褐色脂肪组织(brown adipose tissue,BAT)的重量冬季为0.622±0.015 g,夏季0.532±0.80 g,冬季也显著高于夏季;同时,BAT总蛋白含量、线粒体蛋白含量以及细胞α-磷酸甘油氧化酶和细胞色素C氧化酶活性,冬季也显著高于夏季,但增加的比例较温带种类低;而肝脏细胞的上述指标及线粒体状态Ⅲ、状态Ⅳ呼吸等,冬夏两季均无显著差异。因此,中缅树qu的NST和细胞产热能力介于热带与温带类群之间,显示出向温带类型过渡的趋势。