野大豆(Glycine soja)叶绿体的光谱及其激子能量转移

野大豆叶绿体在低温(77K)时出现三条荧光发射谱带,它们来源于不同的色素蛋白复合体。 在纳秒脉冲激光激发下,捕光天线色素的相对荧光量子产额,随激光强度的增加有明显下降现象。用激子理论和动力学方程讨论和计算了激子扩散参量。指出激子转移是随机的,非相干的。     

Effects of grazing intensity and grazing exclusion on litter decomposition in the temperate steppe of Nei Mongol,China

Aims Grazing intensity and grazing exclusion affect ecosystem carbon cycling by changing the plant community and soil micro-environment in grassland ecosystems. The aims of this study were: 1) to determine the effects of grazing intensity and grazing exclusion on litter decomposition in the temperate grasslands of Nei Mongol; 2) to compare the difference between above-ground and below-ground litter decomposition; 3) to identify the effects of precipitation on litter production and decomposition. Methods We measured litter production, quality, decomposition rates and soil nutrient contents during the growing season in 2011 and 2012 in four plots, i.e. light grazing, heavy grazing, light grazing exclusion and heavy grazing exclusion. Quadrate surveys and litter bags were used to measure litter production and decomposition rates. All data were analyzed with ANOVA and Pearson’s correlation procedures in SPSS. Important findings Litter production and decomposition rates differed greatly among four plots. During the two years of our study, above-ground litter production and decomposition in heavy-grazing plots were faster than those in light-grazing plots. In the dry year, below-ground litter production and decomposition in light-grazing plots were faster than those in heavy-grazing plots, which is opposite to the findings in the wet year. Short-term grazing exclusion could promote litter production, and the exclusion of light-grazing could increase litter decomposition and nutrient cycling. In contrast, heavy-grazing exclusion decreased litter decomposition. Thus, grazing exclusion is beneficial to the restoration of the light-grazing grasslands, and more human management measures are needed during the restoration of heavy-grazing grasslands. Precipitation increased litter production and decomposition, and below-ground litter was more vulnerable to the inter-annual change of precipitation than above-ground litter. Compared to the light-grazing grasslands, heavy-grazing grasslands had higher sensitivity to precipitation. The above-ground litter decomposition was strongly positively correlated with the litter N content (R² = 0.489, p < 0.01) and strongly negatively correlated with the soil total N content (R² = 0.450, p < 0.01), but it was not significantly correlated with C:N and lignin:N. Below-ground litter decomposition was negatively correlated with the litter C (R² = 0.263, p < 0.01), C:N (R² = 0.349, p < 0.01) and cellulose content (R² = 0.460, p < 0.01). Our results will provide a theoretical basis for ecosystem restoration and the research of carbon cycling.     

超短脉冲技术测量癌细胞荧光光谱与荧光寿命

研究用于癌症诊断与治疗的光敏剂血卟啉（hematoporphyrin derivative,HPD）的超快光动力学过程,采用超短脉冲激光光谱技术和皮秒时间相关单光子计数系统,测量经血卟啉培养的活体癌细胞与正常细胞的荧光光谱、荧光寿命特性及荧光峰值强度随时间变化曲线,并测量单一细胞内部不同位置的荧光寿命特性,观测到：癌细胞样品在645 nm处具有特有的光谱谱峰;癌细胞样品荧光寿命的快成分约150 ps慢成分约1200 ps,而正常细胞样品快成分约300 ps慢成分约2500 ps;癌细胞样品的荧光峰值强度经12小时衰减约10%,而正常细胞样品衰减约55%;在细胞内部荧光寿命300 ps的快成分十分显著,且中心部位血卟啉浓度最高.癌细胞与正常细胞的荧光光谱、荧光寿命特性及荧光峰值强度随时间变化曲线相差十分明显,反映了癌细胞与正常细胞对血卟啉亲和特性有显著的差异,测量结果确认了荧光光谱技术诊断与治疗癌症的可行性,并对发展超短脉冲激光光谱技术早期诊断与治疗癌症具有重要的指导意义和临床应用价值.     

一个广告系统的脉冲控制

作者用脉冲微分系统的比较原理得到在同等效应下同一广告两次之间的最大时间间隔,并给出了数值例子。     

瓷材料对金瓷冠抗折强度的影响

在口腔修复领域中,金瓷冠因具有金属全冠的强度和瓷全冠的美观,成为临床上修复牙体、牙列缺损的理想方法.然而临床上常发生金属烤瓷冠瓷折裂现象,从而影响修复效果,因此关于影响金瓷冠抗折强度因素的问题,国内外学进行了大量研究,其中对金属影响金瓷冠抗折强度的研究较多,而对高温瓷粉与低温瓷粉抗折强度的对比报导较少。     

推按运经仪治疗56例泌尿系结石的观察体会

推按运经仪是根据中医经络学说、脏腑学说、俞穴论、信息论,结合中医独特的按摩手法,利用现代电子技术将其产生的程控脉冲波刺激穴位,促使肾盂、输尿管平滑肌蠕动,推动结石排出。由于它具有疗程短、排石快、无痛苦、无副作用的优点,目前临床上已广为应用。我院引进北京宏波科技发展公司生产的推按运经仪治疗56例泌尿系结石患,临床效果满意。现将我院的具体做法和观察体会报告如下。     

海南黄鳝体内新棘衣虫和胃瘤线虫感染初报

首次报道了海南产野生黄鳝对新棘衣虫和胃瘤线虫(幼虫)的感染情况。结果表明,新棘衣虫的感染率为46.7%,感染强度为3.80,平均丰度为1.78;胃瘤线虫的感染率为24.3%,感染强度为2.15,平均丰度为0.52;黄鳝的感染与其自身的体长有一定关系,体长190 mm以下黄鳝对线虫未发现有感染,对棘头虫的感染率亦最低,为20%,而体长191 mm以上黄鳝对棘头虫和线虫均有较高的感染率,其中体长191~220 mm黄鳝的感染率最高;棘头虫和线虫的种群在黄鳝种群中均呈聚集分布,其负二项参数k值分别为0.2539和0.2176;棘头虫和线虫的感染均以210~220 mm体长段的阳性宿主最多,分别占26.0%和34.6%。     

海藻酸钠明胶协同固定化的研究

目的:研究不同因素对固定化微胶囊的影响以及不同物质向微胶囊扩散的规律。方法:采用海藻酸钠与明胶协同固定化制备微胶囊,考察了海藻酸钠、明胶浓度等因子对微胶囊直径与机械强度的影响,以及牛血清蛋白与葡萄糖向微胶囊扩散的状况,并利用非稳态传递模型计算了这两种物质在微胶囊中的有效扩散系数。结果:随着海藻酸钠质量浓度的升高,微胶囊的直径与机械强度逐渐增大。制备的最优条件是CaCl2浓度为10%,滴定速度为180滴/min,最优浸泡时间为30min。在此条件下,葡萄糖与牛血清蛋白的有效扩散系数分别为4.63×10-5cm2/min、1.01×10-7cm2/min。结论:海藻酸钠明胶协同固定化制备的微胶囊作为一种生物载体,非常适合细胞或酶的固定化。