美国能源部与风险投资公司合作推动清洁能源技术实用化进程

美国能源部（DOE）于2008年选择了3家风险投资公司参与其新设立的入驻企业家（Entrepreneur in Residence，EIR）风险投资模式的试验性项目。这些EIR项目于2007年10月设立，是为了加速DOE旗下的3家美国国立实验室开发的先进清洁能源技术的商业化进程。每家风险投资公司可选派一名具有筹办企业能力的人才前往3家实验室中的一家。     

The relationship between the reduction of nonstructural carbohydrate induced by defoliator and the growth and mortality of trees

Large scale herbivorous insect outbreaks can cause death of regional forests, and the events are expected to be exacerbated with climate change. Mortality of forest and woodland plants would cause a series of serious consequences, such as decrease in vegetation production, shifts in ecosystem structure and function, and transformation of forest function from a net carbon sink into a net carbon source. There is thus a need to better understand the impact of insects on trees. Defoliation by insect pests mainly reduces photosynthesis (source decrease) and increases carbon consumption (sink increase), and hence causes reduction of nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC). When the reduction in NSC reaches to a certain level, trees would die of carbon starvation. External environment and internal compensatory mechanisms can also positively or negatively influence the process of tree death. At present, the research of carbon starvation is a hotspot because the increase of tree mortality globally with climate change, and carbon starvation is considered as one of the dominating physiological mechanisms for explaining tree death. In this study, we reviewed the definition of carbon starvation, and the relationships between the reduction of NSC induced by defoliation and the growth and death of trees, and the relationships among insect outbreaks, leaf loss and climate change. We also presented the potential directions of future studies on insect-caused defoliation and tree mortality.     

本刊已开通HTML格式全文阅读模式

随着数字技术、信息网络技术的发展及各种数字网络终端的普及,为了让广大读者的阅读更具互动性,便于快速寻找所需内容,阅读、下载或存储,并实现与其他资源的互联互通。本刊已开通HTML格式的全文阅读模式,其中包括各种功能的标签链接,可为读者二次利用文献内容提供便利。本刊网址:http://jmi.fudan.edu.cn,欢迎登录。     

《昆虫知识》2010年第47卷第3期要目预告

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研究表明蝗虫走路不凭“感”觉靠“视觉”

一项新研究发现，蝗虫并不是靠“感觉”走路，而是依靠“视觉”精确定位自己的每一步，这表明人类可能低估了蝗虫的视觉导向系统。此前研究表明，昆虫大多靠触角等器官凭“感觉”行走或飞行，依靠视觉引导行走对于脑部较小的昆虫来说似乎过于高级。     

昆虫与寄主植物的适应性及协调进化

昆虫与寄主植物的适应性及协调进化钦俊德（中国科学院动物研究所北京１０００８０）昆虫和植物都是地球上起源很早的生物类群。从化石的证据来推断，它们至少在３亿多年前已生活在一起，在不同地域建立起密切关系的生物群落。它们中不同的种类为了自身的生存和发展，并根...     

山小桔属新种及注释

<正> 山小桔属Glycosmis Corr.建立于1805年。属的异名不下10个之多.属下一些分类群,因各学者的理解不同而解说纷云。迩来经Oliver(1861),Kurz(1876), Pierre(1893), Tanaka(1928, 1930), Guillaumin(1911, 1946), Narayanaswamy(1941), Swingle (1911, 1948), Reece(1967), Brizicky(1962), Stone(近年通信)等学者对一些分类群的名称作了订正,但对个别种的概念及其划分界限也有争议。究其原因,大抵是(1)早期学者多持人种概念,如Oliver, Kurz, Hooker f.等则在种之下分立多个多层次的分类等     

蜜蜂总科化石新种（昆虫纲：膜翅目）

本文记述了膜翅目熊蜂科、木蜂科和蜜蜂科3属3新种,其中熊蜂科熊蜂属1种:鲁熊蜂Bombus luianus sp. nov., 木蜂科木蜂属1种:硅藻木蜂Xylacopa diatoma sp. nov. 和蜜蜂科蜜蜂属1种:长胫蜜蜂Apis longitibia sp. nov.。所有模式标本均采自山东山旺中新统硅藻土页岩中,现保存在山东省博物馆。