The relationship between the reduction of nonstructural carbohydrate induced by defoliator and the growth and mortality of trees

Large scale herbivorous insect outbreaks can cause death of regional forests, and the events are expected to be exacerbated with climate change. Mortality of forest and woodland plants would cause a series of serious consequences, such as decrease in vegetation production, shifts in ecosystem structure and function, and transformation of forest function from a net carbon sink into a net carbon source. There is thus a need to better understand the impact of insects on trees. Defoliation by insect pests mainly reduces photosynthesis (source decrease) and increases carbon consumption (sink increase), and hence causes reduction of nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC). When the reduction in NSC reaches to a certain level, trees would die of carbon starvation. External environment and internal compensatory mechanisms can also positively or negatively influence the process of tree death. At present, the research of carbon starvation is a hotspot because the increase of tree mortality globally with climate change, and carbon starvation is considered as one of the dominating physiological mechanisms for explaining tree death. In this study, we reviewed the definition of carbon starvation, and the relationships between the reduction of NSC induced by defoliation and the growth and death of trees, and the relationships among insect outbreaks, leaf loss and climate change. We also presented the potential directions of future studies on insect-caused defoliation and tree mortality.     

浅谈随书光盘的利用与保护

随书光盘，是指与图书配套出版发行的光盘。一般是对所配图书的解释、补充和说明，它具有储藏量大，检索快捷、形象直观等优点，深受读者的喜爱。随着现代信息技术的发展，图书配套光盘越来越多，涵盖面也越来越广，随书光盘也成为当前图书馆的重要组成部分。为此，图书馆如何根据随书光盘的特点做好利用和保护，是当前一个新的课题。     

《昆虫知识》2010年第47卷第3期要目预告

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研究表明蝗虫走路不凭“感”觉靠“视觉”

一项新研究发现，蝗虫并不是靠“感觉”走路，而是依靠“视觉”精确定位自己的每一步，这表明人类可能低估了蝗虫的视觉导向系统。此前研究表明，昆虫大多靠触角等器官凭“感觉”行走或飞行，依靠视觉引导行走对于脑部较小的昆虫来说似乎过于高级。     

昆虫与寄主植物的适应性及协调进化

昆虫与寄主植物的适应性及协调进化钦俊德（中国科学院动物研究所北京１０００８０）昆虫和植物都是地球上起源很早的生物类群。从化石的证据来推断，它们至少在３亿多年前已生活在一起，在不同地域建立起密切关系的生物群落。它们中不同的种类为了自身的生存和发展，并根...     

白颈长尾雉

白颈长尾雉分布于长江以南、北纬24—31°的华东和华南地区,多栖于海拔300一800米的山谷林地内,以阔叶林和混交林为其最适栖息地。 白颈长尾难道常3—4只成小群活动,其活动以早晚为主,并形成两个日活动高峰。当然该雉的活动受到气候条件.食物基地、季节变化和人类活动等因素影响。 由于滥浦乱猎和栖息地的破坏,白颈长尾雉的数量十分稀少,已处于濒危状态。     

我国的灵长目动物及其保护

世界现存的灵长目动物有12科51属180多种,集中在南、北回归线之间的热带地区,我国只在台湾、海南、广东、广西和云南有分布,仅有5科7属17种。名录如下: 树鼩科Tupaiidae 1.树鼩Tupaia glis 懒猴科Nycticebidae     

蜜蜂总科化石新种（昆虫纲：膜翅目）

本文记述了膜翅目熊蜂科、木蜂科和蜜蜂科3属3新种,其中熊蜂科熊蜂属1种:鲁熊蜂Bombus luianus sp. nov., 木蜂科木蜂属1种:硅藻木蜂Xylacopa diatoma sp. nov. 和蜜蜂科蜜蜂属1种:长胫蜜蜂Apis longitibia sp. nov.。所有模式标本均采自山东山旺中新统硅藻土页岩中,现保存在山东省博物馆。