辣椒四个品种的核型研究

本文对我国栽培辣椒Capsicum annuum L.的四个品种即汉川椒、华椒一号、牛角椒和二金条进行了核型分析,其染色体数目均为2n=2x=24,核型公式均为2n=24=20m+2sm+2st,但汉川椒和华椒一号具一对随体,牛角椒和二金条具两对随体。本文还对它们的进化关系进行了讨论。     

辣椒四个品种的核型研究

本文对我国栽培辣椒Capsicum annuum L.的四个品种即汉川椒、华椒一号、牛角椒和二金条进行了核型分析,其染色体数目均为2n=2x=24,核型公式均为2n=24=20m+2sm+2st,但汉川椒和华椒一号具一对随体,牛角椒和二金条具两对随体。本文还对它们的进化关系进行了讨论。     

Influence of Liriomyza species (Diptera: Agromyzidae) and their host plants, on oviposition by Opius dissitus females (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

Two factors, among others, influence the oviposition of Opius dissitus Muesebeck. The first was the host species, the second the plant upon which the pest host larvae develop. O. dissitus females prefer Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) larvae over those of L. huidobrensis (Blanchard). O. dissitus females were more attracted to the larvae of L. trifolii or L. huidobrensis when these were present on courgette rather than tomato or lettuce.     

Effect of tannery sludge amendments on the activity of soil enzymes and phytoremediation potential of two economically important cultivars of geranium (Pelargonium graveolens)

A field experiment was conducted to observe the effect of TS amendments on soil enzymes and phytoremediation potential of two economically important cultivars of geranium. Different doses of TS were applied in soil to examine threshold limit of HMs where geranium cultivars can be grown successfully in contaminated sites. Treatment variation significantly affected pH, EC, OC, N, P, K and HM content in soil after 50 days of incubation. After harvest, both cultivars were examined to assess the impact of various treatments on their fresh herb, dry matter, essential oil yield and HM accumulation. C/G ratio close to 1 was observed at 50 tha^?1 sludge treatment in both cultivars. Urease and β-glucosidase activities in soil were maximum at 50 tha^?1 whereas dehydrogenase and phosphatase activities were maximum at 100 tha^?1 in both cultivars. β-glucosidase, acid and alkaline phosphatase, urease and dehydrogenase activities were relatively high after 85 days over 45 days in both cultivars. Maximum metal uptake was found in roots of cv. Bourbon followed by leaves. Geranium was observed to be a good candidate for phytoremediation as it mitigates metal toxicity by root absorption and cv. Bourbon is better candidate for the same.     

Impact of plant growth regulators spray on fruit quantity and quality of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) cultivars grown under plastic tunnels

The study aims to investigate the effect of foliar spray with three plant growth regulators (PGRs) p-Chlorophenoxyacetic acid (CPA) at 20 and 40 ppm; Gibberellic acid (GA3) at 20 and 30 ppm, 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) at 10 and 20 ppm on the response of fruit set, yield, and fruit quality of some hot pepper cultivars (Chillina, Parbirian, Shampion, and Hyffa) grown in sandy soil under plastic tunnels as compared to the control. Spraying Chillina cultivar GA3 at 30 ppm significantly increased the number of fruits/ plant and fruit set (%), yield/plant, and total yield/fad. In addition, the contents of TSS and Vit C, furthermore, maximum capsaicin content were observed in chili fruits in both seasons. However, the interaction between Chillina cultivar and spraying with GA3 at 20 ppm ranked second in yield and quality. The interaction between Parbirian cultivars and spraying with GA3 at 20 or 30 ppm increased the number of flowers/plants in both seasons. On the other hand, the interaction between Shampion cultivar and spraying with tap water (control) gave the lowest values of the number of flowers/ plants, the number of fruits/ plant and fruit set (%), yield, and its components, and fruit quality in both seasons.     

51个春兰(Cymbidium goeringii)品种的AFLP遗传多样性分析

为了揭示春兰品种的遗传多样性和亲缘关系,为春兰种质资源的有效利用和开发提供依据,采用AFLP技术对51个春兰品种进行了遗传多样性分析,经筛选得到了8对条带清晰、多态性高的引物,共扩增出1315条DNA片段,其中多态性条带为1217条,平均1对引物扩增条带164条,多态性带152条,多态性位点频率为92.5%,表明春兰品种具有丰富的遗传多态性。49个品种含有特有带。51个品种间遗传相似系数变化范围为0.501~0.716,聚类分析表明,51个春兰品种共分为5个类群,来自同一地区的品种并没有聚在一起,表明春兰品种的遗传背景混乱。AFLP分子标记技术能有效地分析春兰品种的遗传多样性和亲缘关系。     

Host Suitability of Selected Hybrids,Varieties and Inbreds of Corn to Populations of Meloidogyne spp.

Rates of reproduction of root-knot nematodes on corn varied with Meloidogyne species, with different populations of certain species, and with corn cultivars. M. arenaria, M. incognita and M. javanica reproduced at varying rates on all corn cultivars tested. None of the three selections of M. hapla reproduced on corn. Most of the Meloidogyne populations increased more rapidly on ''Coker'' and ''Pioneer'' hybrids than on ''McNair'' hybrids or on open-pollinated varieties or inbreds. Nematodes often reduced root growth, but the differences within given nematode-cultivar treatments were not usually significant. Root growth of ''Coker 911,'' which supported a high rate of reproduction, was affected less than ''Pioneer 309B'' which supported a low rate of nematode reproduction.     

蜡梅17个品种过氧化物同工酶的研究

采用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳系统,多次进行了蜡梅17个品种的过氧化物同工酶测定。测定结果发现:蜡梅酶谱具有多态特性;蜡梅品种间酶谱差异显著,每个品种均有其特征酶谱,或以其酶带数目、Ff及活性强弱、酶带宽度与其它品种相区别。同时,采用"排序方法"和聚类分析,对蜡酶17个品种酶谱的相似程度进行了研究。研究结果表明,两种方法研究蜡梅品种的酶谱,均可达到定量比较水平,避免单一酶谱谱带确定蜡梅品种的偏阳性,为其品种鉴定与检验提供了新的依据和手段。同时,还表明,聚类分析进行的蜡梅品种酶谱聚类结果,与其形态分类相一致,但与其品种群划分不相吻合,其原因可能与蜡梅品种起源的复杂性和多源性所引起。     

河北省冬小麦品种SSR标记遗传多样性分析

利用79对多态性较高的SSR引物,对河北省1997-2007年间审定的冬小麦品种及国家小麦区试抗旱对照品种晋麦47和洛旱2号,共计87个冬小麦品种进行遗传多样性分析。79对SSR引物共检测出175个等位变异位点,每对引物可产生1~6条等位变异位点,平均2.215条。标记位点多态性信息含量(PIC)变幅为0.824~0.998,平均为0.941;有效等位基因数(Ne)变幅为1.644~20.333,平均4.708;香农指数(H’)变幅为0.148~1.102,平均为0.544,说明河北省冬小麦品种SSR遗传多样性较低。品种间遗传相似系数(GS)变幅为0.184~0.899,平均为0.418,其中河农826与石家庄8号间的遗传相似性最高,GS高达0.899,71-3与藁优9618间的遗传相似性最低,GS为0.184。不同育种单位培育的小麦品种平均遗传相似系数存在较大差异。UPGMA遗传相似性聚类表明,石家庄市小麦新品种新技术研究所培育的小麦品种与其他单位品种存在较大的遗传差异。