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1.
Julian Willibald Stefanie Breukers Anjan Patel Christer L. Øpstad Stine Nalum Naess Vassilia Partali 《Chemistry and physics of lipids》2009,161(1):32-37
Stable cationic carotenoid aggregates — predominantly of the J-type — develop when the hydrochlorides of carotenoid aldoximes and ketoximes are exposed to water. The oxime hydrochlorides are obtained by simple syntheses from commercially available food color carotenoids. Bluish-purple, unstable transient compounds were observed during hydrochlorination performed at liquid nitrogen temperature. 相似文献
2.
Background
Health-related within-country inequalities continue to be a matter of great interest and concern to both policy makers and researchers. This study aims to assess the level and the distribution of child mortality outcomes in the Philippines across geographical and socioeconomic indicators.Methodology
Data on 159,130 children ever borne were analysed from five waves of the Philippine Demographic and Health Survey. Direct estimation was used to construct under-five and neonatal mortality rates for the period 1980–2013. Rate differences and ratios, and where possible, slope and relative indices of inequality were calculated to measure disparities on absolute and relative scales. Stratification was undertaken by levels of rural/urban location, island groups and household wealth.Findings
National under-five and neonatal mortality rates have shown considerable albeit differential reductions since 1980. Recently released data suggests that neonatal mortality has declined following a period of stagnation. Declines in under-five mortality have been accompanied by decreases in wealth and geography-related absolute inequalities. However, relative inequalities for the same markers have remained stable over time. For neonates, mixed evidence suggests that absolute and relative inequalities have remained stable or may have risen.Conclusion
In addition to continued reductions in under-five mortality, new data suggests that the Philippines have achieved success in addressing the commonly observed stagnated trend in neonatal mortality. This success has been driven by economic improvement since 2006 as well as efforts to implement a nationwide universal health care campaign. Yet, such patterns, nonetheless, accorded with persistent inequalities, particularly on a relative scale. A continued focus on addressing universal coverage, the influence of decentralisation and armed conflict, and issues along the continuum of care is advocated. 相似文献3.
4.
Hannes Reisinger Willibald Steinfellner Hermann Katinger Renate Kunert 《Cytotechnology》2009,60(1-3):115-123
The generation of transgenic cell lines is acquired by facilitating the uptake and integration of DNA. Unfortunately, most of the systems generating stable expression systems are cost and time-consuming and transient expression is optimized to generate milligram amounts of the recombinant protein. Therefore we improved and compared two transfection systems, one based on cationic liposomes consisting of DOTAP/DOPE and the second one on polyethylenimine (PEI). Both systems have been used as chemically defined transfection systems in combination with serum-free cultivated host cell line. At first we had determined the toxicity and ideal ratio of DNA to PEI followed by determination of the optimal transfection conditions in order to achieve maximum transfection efficiency. We then directly compared DOTAP/DOPE and PEI in transient transfection experiments using enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) and a human monoclonal antibody, mAb 2F5, as a model protein. The results which were achieved in case of EGFP were more than 15% transfectants at a viability of 85%. Despite the fact that expression of the mAb was found negligible we used both techniques to generate stable mAb 2F5 expressing cell lines that underwent several cycles of screening and amplification with methotrexate, and resulted in cell lines with similar volumetric production titers. These experiments serve to demonstrate the potential of stable cell lines even in case where the transient systems did not show satisfying results. 相似文献
5.
Franziska Gro?sch?dl Wolfgang Freidl éva Rásky Nathalie Burkert Johanna Muckenhuber Willibald J. Stronegger 《PloS one》2014,9(9)
Background
The prevalence of back pain is constantly increasing and a public health problem of high priority. In Austria there is a lack of empirical evidence for the development of back pain and its related factors. The present study aims to investigate trends in the prevalence of back pain across different subpopulations (sex, age, obesity).Methods
A secondary data analysis based on five nationally representative cross-sectional health surveys (1973–2007) was carried out. Face-to-face interviews were conducted in private homes in Austria. Subjects aged 20 years and older were included in the study sample (n = 178,818). Obesity was defined as BMI≥30 kg/m2 and adjusted for self-report bias. Back pain was measured as the self-reported presence of the disorder.Results
The age-standardized prevalence of back pain was 32.9% in 2007; it was higher among women than men (p<0.001), higher in older than younger subjects (p<0.001) and higher in obese than non-obese individuals (p<0.001). During the investigation period the absolute change in the prevalence of back pain was +19.4%. Among all subpopulations the prevalence steadily increased. Obese men showed the highest increase of and the greatest risk for back pain.Conclusion
These results help to understand the development of back pain in Austria and can be used to plan controlled promotion programs. Further monitoring is recommended in order to control risk groups and plan target group-specific prevention strategies. In Austria particular emphasis should be on obese individuals. We recommend conducting prospective studies to confirm our results and investigate causal relationships. 相似文献6.
Ana Stevanovic Mark Coburn Ares Menon Rolf Rossaint Daren Heyland Gereon Sch?lte Thilo Werker Willibald Wonisch Michael Kiehntopf Andreas Goetzenich Steffen Rex Christian Stoppe 《PloS one》2014,9(8)
Introduction
Cardiac surgery is accompanied by an increase of oxidative stress, a significantly reduced antioxidant (AOX) capacity, postoperative inflammation, all of which may promote the development of organ dysfunction and an increase in mortality. Selenium is an essential co-factor of various antioxidant enzymes. We hypothesized a less pronounced decrease of circulating selenium levels in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) surgery due to less intraoperative oxidative stress.Methods
In this prospective randomised, interventional trial, 40 patients scheduled for elective coronary artery bypass grafting were randomly assigned to undergo either on-pump or OPCAB-surgery, if both techniques were feasible for the single patient. Clinical data, myocardial damage assessed by myocard specific creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), circulating whole blood levels of selenium, oxidative stress assessed by asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels, antioxidant capacity determined by glutathionperoxidase (GPx) levels and perioperative inflammation represented by interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were measured at predefined perioperative time points.Results
At end of surgery, both groups showed a comparable decrease of circulating selenium concentrations. Likewise, levels of oxidative stress and IL-6 were comparable in both groups. Selenium levels correlated with antioxidant capacity (GPx: r = 0.720; p<0.001) and showed a negative correlation to myocardial damage (CK-MB: r = −0.571, p<0.001). Low postoperative selenium levels had a high predictive value for the occurrence of any postoperative complication.Conclusions
OPCAB surgery is not associated with less oxidative stress and a better preservation of the circulating selenium pool than on-pump surgery. Low postoperative selenium levels are predictive for the development of complications.Trial registration
ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01409057相似文献7.
Silviya Velichkova Wolkerstorfer Astrid Wonisch Tatiana Stankova Nikolina Tsvetkova Michael Tausz 《Trees - Structure and Function》2011,25(6):1043-1052
Seasonal changes in physiological and biochemical parameters were studied in 35-, 55- and 140-year-old trees of Turkey oak
(Quercus cerris L.) and Hungarian oak (Q. frainetto Ten.), growing in natural stands in Eastern Balkan Mountains (Bulgaria). During the seasonal drought period (August), assimilation
activity, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and water potential had a seasonal minimum in all the studied tree ages
and species. The foliar concentrations of glutathione, ascorbate, α-tocopherol, as well as photosynthetic pigments in oak
leaves were significantly affected by season. With the increasing age of the studied trees, we observed a decrease of the
physiological activity and an increase of the antioxidants’ accumulation. Both the species were drought tolerant and anisohydric,
where Q. frainetto exhibited higher rates of gas exchange than Q. cerris. Moreover, they differed in the extent of increase in the foliar antioxidants and carotenoids. 相似文献
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9.
Lattenmayer C Loeschel M Schriebl K Steinfellner W Sterovsky T Trummer E Vorauer-Uhl K Müller D Katinger H Kunert R 《Biotechnology and bioengineering》2007,96(6):1118-1126
In order to improve the current techniques of cell cultivation in the absence of serum, we have developed a protein-free transfection protocol for CHO cells, based on the Nucleofector technology. After starting with a heterogeneous pool of primary transfectants which express the fusion protein EpoFc, we isolated single clones and compared them with parallel clones generated by lipofection in serum-dependent cultivation. Our intensive characterization program was based on determination of specific productivity (q(p)) and analysis of genetic parameters. In two nucleofection experiments, transfection with 5 microg of DNA resulted in best productivities of the primary cell pools. After subcloning, the q(p) could be raised up to 27 pg x cells(-1) x day(-1). While the serum-dependent transfectants exhibited specific productivities up to 57 pg x cells(-1) x day(-1) in serum-dependent cultivation, a significant decrease that resulted in the range of q(p) of the protein-free transfectants was observed after switching to protein-free conditions. Investigation of genetic parameters revealed higher mRNA levels and gene copy numbers (GCN) for the protein-free adapted serum-dependent transfectants. Therefore, we assume that problems during protein-free adaptation (PFA) lead to a less efficient translation machinery after serum deprivation. We describe the generation of stable-producing recombinant CHO clones by protein-free transfection of a protein-free adapted host cell line, which reduces the risk of adverse clonal changes after PFA. The main advantage of this approach is the earlier predictability of clone behavior, which makes the generation of production clones by protein-free transfection, a viable and highly efficient strategy for recombinant cell line development. 相似文献
10.
Schliemann W Schneider B Wray V Schmidt J Nimtz M Porzel A Böhm H 《Phytochemistry》2006,67(2):191-201
From yellow petals of Iceland poppy, besides the known flavonoid gossypitrin, seven kaempferol derivatives were isolated. In addition to kaempferol 3-O-beta-sophoroside and kaempferol 3-O-beta-sophoroside-7-O-beta-glucoside, known from other plants, the mono- and dimalonyl conjugates of the latter were identified by MS and NMR spectroscopy. Structure analyses of a set of co-occurring pigments, the nudicaulins, revealed that they have the identical acylated glycoside moieties attached to a pentacyclic indole alkaloid skeleton for which the structure of 19-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-10H-1,10-ethenochromeno[2,3-b]indole-6,8,18-triol was deduced from MS and NMR as well as chemical and chiroptical methods. 相似文献