Morphological Characteristics and Gene Mapping of Purple Apiculus Formation in Rice

Plant Molecular Biology Reporter - Apiculus color of grain is an important trait which is used as a morphological marker in rice (Oryza sativa. L). In the present study, the purple apiculus mutant...     

不同施氮量对麦田土壤水稳性团聚体和N2O排放的影响

过量施氮可破坏农田土壤结构,增加温室气体排放量。为揭示不同施氮量对土壤团聚体和N₂O排放的影响,于2018—2020年基于氮肥定位试验,设置秸秆原位还田条件下施氮 0 (N₀)、120 (N₁₂₀)、180 (N₁₈₀)、240 (N₂₄₀)、300 (N₃₀₀)、360 kg·hm^-2 (N₃₆₀) 6个处理,研究不同施氮量对麦田土壤N₂O排放、土壤充水孔隙度(WFPS)、土壤温度、硝态氮、铵态氮含量、水稳性团聚体的组成及稳定性的影响。结果表明: 土壤N₂O排放量与氮肥用量之间呈显著正相关关系,WFPS与施氮量之间无显著相关关系,0~10 cm土壤温度随氮肥施用量的增加而显著降低,土壤硝态氮、铵态氮含量与氮肥施用量间存在显著正相关关系。随氮肥施用量的增加,直径>2 mm的水稳性团聚体含量降低,直径<0.5 mm的水稳性团聚体含量增加,土壤水稳性团聚体的粒径也逐渐减小。氮肥施用量与团聚体平均重量直径(MWD)、几何平均直径之间呈显著负相关关系,但与分形维数之间并无显著相关性。MWD (x)与N₂O排放通量(y)之间的拟合方程为:y=3928.3e^-2.171x (R²=0.55,P<0.001),表明当MWD减小时,N₂O排放量将会剧烈升高。可见,麦田施氮量的增加会降低0~10 cm土壤温度,增加土壤硝态氮和铵态氮含量,减小耕层土壤水稳性团聚体的平均粒径,降低团聚体的稳定性,增加N₂O的排放量。     

Identification and Fine Mapping of Candidate Gene for Yellow Leaf Mutant (ygl54) Exhibiting Yellow Leaf Colour in Rice

Russian Journal of Plant Physiology - Yellow leaf mutants are useful genetic variants to explore the mechanism of chloroplast development. In this study, we developed and characterized a new rice...