肠道病毒EV71病原学以及致病分子机制的研究进展

手足口病是由某些不同血清型的肠道病毒引起的一种急性传染病,其中以柯萨奇病毒A16型和肠道病毒EV71型最为常见.其可经多种途径传播,全球各地普遍存在,尤以学龄前特别是5岁及以下年龄儿童发病率最高.由于EV71能引起严重的中枢神经系统并发症,本文就以典型的肠道病毒类型EV71的病原学以及其致病的分子机制作一综述,为手足口病的预防与治疗提供依据.     

鹤山马占相思人工林的能量现存量及能量流动

通过测定广东鹤山一个马占相思（Ａｅａｅｉａ ｍａｎｇｉｕｎ）人工林的辐射能环境,优势种的净光合速率、呼吸速率和生产力,群落的生物量及热值,定量地刻划了太阳辐射能被马占相思群群吸收、固定、转化、损耗、积累和分配的生物能量学过程。全年抵达林冠上层的总太阳辐射能力４３５１．４ＭＪ．ｍ＾－２．ｓ＾－１,能量量为１４．８ＭＪ．ｍ＾－２．ｓ＾－１,折合光能利用效率为０．３４％,群落的能量正面量为１９３．９ＭＪ     

Natural Xanthones from Garcinia mangostana with Multifunctional Activities for the Therapy of Alzheimer’s Disease

Neurochemical Research - Natural xanthones have diversity pharmacological activities. Here, a series of xanthones isolated from the pericarps of Garcinia mangostana Linn, named α-Mangostin,...     

Gartanin Protects Neurons against Glutamate-Induced Cell Death in HT22 Cells: Independence of Nrf-2 but Involvement of HO-1 and AMPK

Oxidative stress mediates the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. Gartanin, a natural xanthone of mangosteen, possesses multipharmacological activities. Herein, the neuroprotection capacity of gartanin against glutamate-induced damage in HT22 cells and its possible mechanism(s) were investigated for the first time. Glutamate resulted in cell death in a dose-dependent manner and supplementation of 1–10 µM gartanin prevented the detrimental effects of glutamate on cell survival. Additional investigations on the underlying mechanisms suggested that gartanin could effectively reduce glutamate-induced intracellular ROS generation and mitochondrial depolarization. We further found that gartanin induced HO-1 expression independent of nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2). Subsequent studies revealed that the inhibitory effects of gartanin on glutamate-induced apoptosis were partially blocked by small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown of HO-1. Finally, the protein expression of phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and its downstream signal molecules, Sirtuin activator (SIRT1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), increased after gartanin treatment. Taken together, these findings suggest gartanin is a potential neuroprotective agent against glutamate-induced oxidative injury partially through increasing Nrf-2-independed HO-1 and AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathways.