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1.
Sellappan Saravanan Venketaraman Purushothaman Thippichettypalayam Ramasamy Gopala Krishna Murthy Kuppannan Sukumar Palani Srinivasan Vasudevan Gowthaman Mohan Balusamy Robert Atterbury Suresh V. Kuchipudi 《Indian journal of microbiology》2015,55(3):319-326
Human infections with non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) serovars are increasingly becoming a threat to human health globally. While all motile Salmonellae have zoonotic potential, Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium are most commonly associated with human disease, for which poultry are a major source. Despite the increasing number of human NTS infections, the epidemiology of NTS in poultry in India has not been fully understood. Hence, as a first step, we carried out epidemiological analysis to establish the incidence of NTS in poultry to evaluate the risk to human health. A total of 1215 samples (including poultry meat, tissues, egg and environmental samples) were collected from 154 commercial layer farms from southern India and screened for NTS. Following identification by cultural and biochemical methods, Salmonella isolates were further characterized by multiplex PCR, allele-specific PCR, enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC) PCR and pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). In the present study, 21/1215 (1.73 %) samples tested positive for NTS. We found 12/392 (3.06 %) of tissue samples, 7/460 (1.52 %) of poultry products, and 2/363 (0.55 %) of environmental samples tested positive for NTS. All the Salmonella isolates were resistant to oxytetracycline, which is routinely used as poultry feed additive. The multiplex PCR results allowed 16/21 isolates to be classified as S. Typhimurium, and five isolates as S. Enteritidis. Of the five S. Enteritidis isolates, four were identified as group D Salmonella by allele-specific PCR. All of the isolates produced different banding patterns in ERIC PCR. Of the thirteen macro restriction profiles (MRPs) obtained by PFGE, MRP 6 was predominant which included 6 (21 %) isolates. In conclusion, the findings of the study revealed higher incidence of contamination of NTS Salmonella in poultry tissue and animal protein sources used for poultry. The results of the study warrants further investigation on different type of animal feed sources, food market chains, processing plants, live bird markets etc., to evaluate the risk factors, transmission and effective control measures of human Salmonella infection from poultry products. 相似文献
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Mahendra Awale Vivek Kumar Parameswaran Saravanan C. Gopi Mohan 《Journal of molecular modeling》2010,16(3):475-488
The current therapy for leishmaniasis is not sufficient and it has two severe drawbacks, host-toxicity and drug resistance.
The substantial knowledge of parasite biology is not yet translating into novel drugs for leishmaniasis. Based on this observation,
a 3D structural model of Leishmania mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) homologue has been developed, for the first time, by homology modeling and molecular
dynamics simulation techniques. The model provided clear insight in its structure features, i.e. ATP binding pocket, phosphorylation lip, and common docking site. Sequence-structure homology recognition identified Leishmania CRK3 (LCRK3) as a distant member of the MAPK superfamily. Multiple sequence alignment and 3D structure model provided the
putative ATP binding pocket of Leishmania with respect to human ERK2 and LCRK3. This analysis was helpful in identifying the binding sites and molecular function of
the Leishmania specific MAPK homologue. Molecular docking study was performed on this 3D structural model, using different classes of competitive
ATP inhibitors of LCRK3, to check whether they exhibit affinity and could be identified as Leishmania MAPK specific inhibitors. It is well known that MAP kinases are extracellular signal regulated kinases ERK1 and ERK2, which
are components of the Ras-MAPK signal transduction pathway which is complexed with HDAC4 protein, and their inhibition is
of significant therapeutic interest in cancer biology. In order to understand the mechanism of action, docking of indirubin
class of molecules to the active site of histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) protein is performed, and the binding affinity of the
protein-ligand interaction was computed. The new structural insights obtained from this study are all consistent with the
available experimental data, suggesting that the homology model of the Leishmania MAPK and its ligand interaction modes are reasonable. Further the comparative molecular electrostatic potential and cavity
depth analysis of Leishmania MAPK and human ERK2 suggested several important differences in its ATP binding pocket. Such differences could be exploited
in the future for designing Leishmania specific MAPK inhibitors. 相似文献
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Vivek Kumar Parameswaran Saravanan Akanksha Arvind C. Gopi Mohan 《Journal of molecular modeling》2011,17(5):939-953
Despite the availability of effective chemotherapy and a moderately protective vaccine, new anti-tuberculosis agents are urgently
needed to decrease the global incidence of tuberculosis (TB) disease. The MurB gene belongs to the bacterial cell wall biosynthesis pathway and is an essential drug target in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) that has no mammalian counterparts. Here, we present an integrated approach involving homology modeling, molecular
dynamics and molecular docking studies on Mtb-MurB oxidoreductase enzyme. A homology model of Mtb-MurB enzyme was built for
the first time in order to carry out structure-based inhibitor design. The accuracy of the model was validated using different
techniques. The molecular docking study on this enzyme was undertaken using different classes of well known MurB inhibitors.
Estimation of binding free energy by docking analysis indicated the importance of Tyr155, Arg156, Ser237, Asn241 and His304
residues within the Mtb-MurB binding pocket. Our computational analysis is in good agreement with experimental results of
site-directed mutagenesis. The present study should therefore play a guiding role in the experimental design of Mtb-MurB inhibitors
for in vitro/in vivo analysis. 相似文献
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Selvaraj Kunjiappan Panneerselvam Theivendren Parasuraman Pavadai Saravanan Govindaraj Murugesan Sankaranarayanan Balasubramanian Somasundaram Sankarganesh Arunachalam Sureshbabu Ram Kumar Pandian Damodar Nayak Ammunje 《Biotechnology progress》2020,36(1):e2904
The following study was done to assess the glucose utilizing efficiency of Indoloquinoxaline derivative incorporated keratin nanoparticles (NPs) in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Indoloquinoxaline derivative had wide range of biological activities including antidiabetic activity. In this view, Indoloquinoxaline moiety containing N, N-dimethyl (3-fluoro-6H-indolo [3,2-b] quinoxalin-6-yl) methanamine compound was designed and synthesized, and further it is incorporated into keratin nanoparticles. The formulated NPs, drug entrapment efficiency, releasing capacity, stability, and physicochemical properties were characterized by various spectral analyzer and obtained results of characterizations were confirmed the properties of NPs. The analysis of mechanism underlying the glucose utilization of NPs was examined through molecular docking with identified target, and observed in silico study reports shown strong interaction of NPs in the binding pockets of AMPK and PTP1B. Based on the in silico screening, the formulated NPs was performed for in vitro cellular viability and glucose uptake studies on 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Interestingly, 40 μg of NPs displayed 78.2 ± 2.76% cellular viability, and no cell death was observed at lower concentrations. Further, the concentration dependent glucose utilization was observed at different concentrations of NPs in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The results of NPs (40 μg) on glucose utilization have revealed eminent result 58.56 ± 4.54% compared to that of Metformin (10 μM) and Insulin (10 μM). The identified results clearly indicated that Indoloquinoxaline derivative incorporated keratin NPs significantly increased glucose utilization efficiency and protect the cells against the insulin resistance. 相似文献
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Arumugam Velusamy Venkatesan Manigandan Ramachandran Karthik Ramachandran Saravanan Palanisamy Satheesh Kumar Sundaresan Umamaheswari 《International journal of peptide research and therapeutics》2020,26(1):201-208
International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics - Marine ecosystems are unique and a largely diverse chest of natural resources which are still to be explored for new marine species.... 相似文献
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Ravi Velumani Pushpaleela Ancy Raju Saravanan Gangadharan Byju More Sanket Jijabrao 《Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants》2020,26(1):189-194
Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants - The future CO2 concentration is projected to reach 900–1000 ppm levels by the end of twenty-first century, pertaining to global climatic... 相似文献
10.
Synthesis of Highly Immunogenic Multiple Antigenic Peptides for Epitopes of Viral Antigen to Use in ELISA 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Paramasivam Saravanan Sameer Shrivastava Satish Kumar 《International journal of peptide research and therapeutics》2009,15(4):313-321
Synthesis of multiple antigenic peptides (MAPs) for predicted antigenic determinants of a viral antigen is described. The
method includes prediction of linear epitopes using predictive computer algorithms, synthesis of peptides for the predicted
regions, testing of peptides to find the most reactive sites, synthesis of MAPs and their testing. The procedure involves
manual synthesis of MAPs by solid phase peptide synthesis with Wang resin as solid support. The MAPs were prepared in eight
copies and used for immunization of rabbits to generate anti-peptide antibodies. Further, the reactivity of MAPs in detecting
the native cognate antigen in the whole virus was confirmed by ELISA. The MAP and anti-peptide antibodies could serve as diagnostic
tools for viral diseases. MAPs have efficiently been used to confirm the presence of linear antigenic and immunogenic epitopes
on viral proteins, for possible use in diagnostic and vaccine. It was suggested that this method could help in epitope mapping
of dreadful human or animal pathogens as it involves production of safe, chemically defined and non-infectious materials for
use as antigen as well as immunogen. 相似文献