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DIDIER FOURGON IGOR EECKHAUT DEVARAJEN VAÏTILINGON MICHEL JANGOUX 《Invertebrate reproduction & development.》2013,57(3):155-165
Summary The larval development of the ophiocomid ophiuroid Ophiomastix venosais described using SEM. The gastrula transforms into a uniformly ciliated early larva which progressively changes into a lecithotrophic late premetamorphic larva with a continuous bilateral ciliated band. This stage is short-lived and equivalent to a highly reduced ophiopluteus. Comparisons between O. venosa and other ophiuroid species whose development has been investigated suggest that, whatever the developmental mode (lecithotrophic or planktotrophic), a pluteus stage always occurs in ophiuroids with planktonic development. Two metamorphic stages were identified, the late metamorphic larva differing from the early one by the closure of the larval mouth. The appearance of the permanent mouth marks the end of the metamorphosis. The postlarva still possesses remnants of larval features. The transformation of the reduced ophiopluteus into a barrel-shaped metamorphic larva with transverse ciliated bands, a vitellaria larva, is followed. The possible occurrence of a unique type of metamorphic larva in non-brooding ophiuroids is discussed. Verification of this, however, needs further SEM investigations on metamorphic larva from species having “regular” planktotrophic development. 相似文献
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The effect of lincocin (a plastid protein synthesis inhibitor) treatment on the greening process of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) leaves have been studied. In comparison with control leaves treated ones had a decreased rate of chloroplast development. They had a marked chlorophyll deficiency and a decreased chlorophyll a/b ratio. Some long and short wavelength forms of chlorophyll a were lacking as evidenced from the absorption spectra at 25°C and the fluorescence spectra at 77°K. The –14CO2 fixation was inhibited by 80–90% in treated leaves. The fluorescence induced by the measuring light was greater in the treated leaves than in the control ones, and the kinetics of the decline of the relative fluorescence intensity were also different. Electron microscopic studies showed macrogranum-like structures and incomplete membrane vesicles in the treated plastids. After longer treatment a destruction of membranes was observed. The results indicate some structural and functional membrane deficiencies and instability of the membranes. 相似文献
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Laman AG Shepeliakovskaia AO Ulitin AB Markova EV Mareeva TIu Bystrov NS Brovko FA Nesmeianov VA 《Bioorganicheskaia khimiia》2002,28(2):126-134
To develop a phage display of single-chain antibodies (scFv), fractions of total cell DNA and RNA were obtained from splenocytes of naive mice. The DNA fragments encoding variable regions of light and heavy immunoglobulin chains were amplified and isolated using primers specific to the conservative regions of these genes. The construction of the library was based on the principle of stochastic combining of the DNA fragments encoding the light and heavy antibody chains with the DNA linker, whose structure corresponded to the (Gly4Ser)3 sequence. The scFv library was constructed using the E. coli TG1 strain and the phagemid vector pHEN1. The repertoire of the library exceeded 5 x 10(7) independent recombinant clones. The clones producing antibodies to the granulocyte colony-stimulating human factor were isolated. The affinity constants of the resulting scFv were in the range of 2 x 10(4) to 1.8 x 10(7) M-1. 相似文献
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Fokin AV Afonin PV Mikhaĭlova IIu Tsygannik IN Mareeva TIu Nesmeianov VA Pangborn W Lee N Duax W Siszak E Pletnev VZ 《Bioorganicheskaia khimiia》2000,26(8):571-578
The three-dimensional structure of the antigen-binding fragment of a monoclonal antibody to human interleukin-2 was determined in two crystal forms by the X-ray method of molecular replacement at 2.2 and 2.9 A resolutions. The spatial structure of the protein and the stereochemistry of its antigen-binding site were analyzed. 相似文献
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Abbasova SG Ruddenko NV Gorokhovatskiĭ AIu Kapralova MV Vinogradova ID Vertiev IuV Nesmeianov VA Grishin EV 《Bioorganicheskaia khimiia》2011,37(3):344-353
Mouse monoclonal antibodies against the most acutely toxic substances, botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) of types A, B, E, and F, was generated and characterized, that recognize their respective toxins in natural toxin complex. Based on these antibodies, we developed sandwich-ELISA for quantitative detection of these toxins. For each respective toxin the detection limit of the assay was: BoNT/A - 0.4 ng/ml, BoNT/B - 0.5 ng/ml; BoNT/E - 0.1 ng/ml; and for BoNT/F - 2.4 ng/ml. The developed assays permitted quantitative identification of the BoNTs in canned meat and vegetables. The BNTA-4.1 and BNTA-9.1 antibodies possessed neutralizing activity against natural complex of the botulinium toxin type A in vivo, both individually and in mixture, the mixture of the antibodies neutralized the higher dose of the toxin. The BNTA-4.1 antibody binds specifically the light chain (the chain with protease activity) of the toxin, whereas BNTA-9.1 interacts with the heavy chain. We believe that the BNTA-4.1 and BNTA-9.1 monoclonal antibodies are prospective candidates for development of humanized therapeutic antibodies for treatment of BoNT/A-caused botulism. 相似文献
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Yutao Liu Melanie E. Garrett Michelle F. Dennis Kimberly T. Green VA Mid-Atlantic MIRECC Registry Workgroup Allison E. Ashley-Koch Michael A. Hauser Jean C. Beckham Nathan A. Kimbrel 《PloS one》2015,10(3)