Production of vitamin B12 in an upflow anaerobic filter continuous reactor using Acetobacterium sp.

The accumulation of biofilm by Acetobacterium sp. during continuous culture in an upflow anaerobic filter (UAF) growing on methanol-formate was the result of space velocity and inlet concentrations of substrate and Co⁺². To achieve good development of biofilm, a space velocity of 0.38 h^–1, inlet substrate concentrations of 125 mM of both methanol and formate, and Co⁺² at 0.16 mM were required. Cell productivities in the effluent of the UAF-reactor were about 6-fold higher than in chemostat cultures (0.20 g l^–1 h^–1 for UAF and 0.035 g l^–1 h^–1 for chemostat) (previous studies), and the maximum vitamin B₁₂ specific concentration was 5.1 mg g cell^–1.     

Simultaneous removal of chemical oxygen demand and nitrate in aerobic treatment of sewage wastewater using an immobilized photosynthetic bacterium of porous ceramic plates

A denitrifying photosynthetic bacterium (PSB), Rhodobacter sphaeroides S was immobilized on a porous ceramic plate (10×10×0.5cm) using a small amount of agar. In the bioreactor (3.5 l liquid) using this plate, repeated batch treatments of sewage wastewater (acetic acid as a carbon source) were carried out under aerobic conditions (DO 5mg/l) for two weeks. The simultaneous and effective removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonium, and nitrate was observed. In continuous treatment at a relatively high dilution rate of 0.20 h^–1 (retention time, five hours), the same simultaneous treatments were observed for about one month.     

Simultaneous removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), phosphate, nitrate and H2S in the synthetic sewage wastewater using porous ceramic immobilized photosynthetic bacteria

Simultaneous aerobic treatment of COD, phosphate, nitrate and H₂S in a synthetic sewage wastewater was carried out using porous ceramic immobilized photosynthetic bacteria, Rhodobacter sphaeroidesS, Rb. sphaeroidesNR-3 and Rhodopseudomonas palustris. In the batch treatment, effective simultaneous removal of COD (89%), phosphate (77%), nitrate (99%) and H₂S (99.8%) was observed after 48 h. In semi-continuous treatments with dilution rates of 0.17 to 0.75 day^–1under aerobic conditions, simultaneous removal of these four components was also observed after about one month.