A New Pathway for Senescence Regulation

<正>Research concerning senescence has become a hotspot since the conception of‘cellular senescence’was put forward by Drs.Hayflick and Moorhead over five decades ago[1].Recently,a paper published in Science by Kang and colleagues,which this article aims to comment on,provides evidence of a new pathway involved in senescence[2].Senescence is a physiological and pathological process induced by numerous factors,during which cell growth ceases     

Cotton S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase-mediated spermine biosynthesis is required for salicylic acid- and leucine-correlated signaling in the defense response to Verticillium dahliae

Planta - Cotton S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase-, rather than spermine synthase-, mediated spermine biosynthesis is required for salicylic acid- and leucine-correlated signaling in the defense...     

Synthesis of the β-1,3-glucan, laminarahexaose: NMR and conformational studies

The synthesis of laminarahexaose is described. NMR studies of several of the intermediates leading to the β-1,3-glucan show anomalously small coupling constants for some of the C-1 hydrogens. An X-ray structure for the protected hexasaccharide shows that the small coupling constants are due to some of the glucopyranose rings adopting a twist-boat conformation. The X-ray studies also explain other unexpected NMR observations.     

Biosynthesis of the acetylation coenzyme in albino rat liver in the initial period of acute radiation sickness

Mature albino rats were exposed to gamma-rays in a sublethal dose. A decrease of 22-35%, 13-39% and 29-37% was observed in the incorporation of 14C-pantothenate, 4'-phosphopantetheine and CoA, respectively, into the extracted fraction of free vitamin. After the first hour of observation specific activity of CoA decreased by 33% and corresponded to a decrease in the activity of ATP: D-pantothenate-4'-phosphotransferase.     

Changes in the content and structure of the coenzyme A moiety in the liver of diabetic mice (db/db) administered a regimen of nicotinamide

Alterations in the content and structure of CoA moiety typical of hyperlipogenesis (a rise in total and free CoA levels, a drop in short-chained fatty acyl-CoA/CoA and long-chained fatty acyl-CoA/CoA ratios) were found in the liver of obese mice with non-insulin-dependent diabetes (db/db). The treatment of diabetic mice with nicotinamide, an antilipemic drug, was accompanied by a decrease in total and free CoA levels and a rise in short-chained fatty acyl-CoA content and short-chained fatty acyl-CoA/CoA and long-chained fatty acyl-CoA/CoA ratios, probably leading to the inhibition of the enzymes of primary lipogenesis steps. It is suggested that CoA moiety structure is essential as an integral index regulating the rate of fatty acid biosynthesis in diabetes mellitus.     

Exploration research on the fusion of multimodal spectrum technology to improve performance of rapid diagnosis scheme for thyroid dysfunction

The spectral fusion by Raman spectroscopy and Fourier infrared spectroscopy combined with pattern recognition algorithms is utilized to diagnose thyroid dysfunction serum, and finds the spectral segment with the highest sensitivity to further advance diagnosis speed. Compared with the single infrared spectroscopy or Raman spectroscopy, the proposal can improve the detection accuracy, and can obtain more spectral features, indicating greater differences between thyroid dysfunction and normal serum samples. For discriminating different samples, principal component analysis (PCA) was first used for feature extraction to reduce the dimension of high‐dimension spectral data and spectral fusion. Then, support vector machine (SVM), back propagation neural network, extreme learning machine and learning vector quantization algorithms were employed to establish the discriminant diagnostic models. The accuracy of spectral fusion of the best analytical model PCA‐SVM, single Raman spectral accuracy and single infrared spectral accuracy is 83.48%, 78.26% and 80%, respectively. The accuracy of spectral fusion is higher than the accuracy of single spectrum in five classifiers. And the diagnostic accuracy of spectral fusion in the range of 2000 to 2500 cm^?1 is 81.74%, which greatly improves the sample measure speed and data analysis speed than analysis of full spectra. The results from our study demonstrate that the serum spectral fusion technique combined with multivariate statistical methods have great potential for the screening of thyroid dysfunction.     

Application of the phosphomannose-isomerase/mannose selection system in the Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of Lonicera hypoglauca Miq.

Journal of Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology - The dried buds of Lonicera hypoglauca Miq. have antipyretic, antidotal and anti-inflammatory properties and as Flos lonicerae are widely used in...