Influence of new sulfur-containing fertilizers on performance of wheat yield

Wheat is the main cereal crop in Kazakhstan and fertilizers play an important role in enhancing harvest growth. In this study, the impact of new sulfur-containing fertilizers on the growth and yield of wheat was evaluated, and the resistance of varieties to Puccinia triticina Erikss was also investigated. (also known as Puccinia recondite Rob. ex Desm.) for recommendations in agriculture. The study was conducted from 2017 to 2020 in a nursery and greenhouse. The sulfur-containing fertilizer contains nutrients that allow you to extend the duration of absorption by the plant, thereby extending the period of their availability to plants, compared to conventional preparations. By encapsulating molten elemental sulfur and impregnating with a solution of calcium polysulfide, a long-acting compound based on amorphous and monocalcium phosphate was developed. The sulfur is in a water-soluble sulfate form, which, in turn, is slowly oxidized by bacteria and retained in the soil. Three different types of the developed sulfur-containing nano-particle have been used to test in greenhouses and nurseries: powdered, pasty sulfur-containing composition, and a solution of calcium polysulfide. The results showed that the use of powdered and dissolved sulfur-containing fertilizers contributed to the early ripeness and increased productivity of wheat. Wheat varieties were tested for the presence of key Lr genes that determine resistance to brown rust. The Omskaya 29 sample showed an immune response according to phytopathological assessment, and molecular screening revealed four resistance genes. The new sulfur-containing product is recommended for improving wheat productivity in agriculture, and the Omskaya 29 variety can also be used as a valuable breeding material resistant to brown rust.     

Assessment of antimicrobial activity of nanosized Ag doped TiO2 colloids

In the present research, the antimicrobial effects of nanosized silver (Ag) doped TiO(2) colloidal solutions prepared using a sol-gel technique were investigated. In order to determine the solution characteristics, the turbidity, viscosity and pH of the colloidal solutions were measured. Differential thermal analysis-thermogravimetry equipment was used to determine the chemical structures and reaction types of the films formed from these solutions. The morphology of Ag doped TiO(2) nanoparticles was evaluated by atomic force microscopy. The disc diffusion method was employed to explore antimicrobial activity, and the Broth Microdilution method was used to obtain MIC values of nanosized Ag doped TiO(2) colloidal solutions against the test microorganisms Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, Bacillus subtilis, and Salmonella typhimurium. It was found that the silver doped TiO(2) nanoparticles inhibited the growth and multiplication of the test microorganisms, including the fungus C. albicans. Antimicrobial activity was observed against all tested microorganisms at a very low concentration of 1.125-2.81 μg/ml of nano silver in 1-25 % Ag-TiO(2) solutions.     

Feasibility of waste-free use of microalgae in aquaculture

Journal of Applied Phycology - Following the circular bioeconomy approach, this study shows the possibility of effective microalgal bioremediation of aquaculture wastewater integrated with the...     

Assessment of the antimicrobial,antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of the wild edible mushroom <Emphasis Type="Italic">Agaricus lanipes</Emphasis> (F.H. Møller &amp; Jul. Schäff.) Hlaváček

The present investigation was undertaken to evaluate the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the wild edible mushroom Agaricus lanipes, and also to investigate its cytotoxicity and potential and possible apoptotic effect against the A549 lung cancer cell line in in vitro conditions. Total antioxidant capacity, total phenolic content, total oxidant status, total antioxidant status, lipid hydroperoxides, and total free –SH levels of A. lanipes were found to be 4.55 mg T/g, 14.6 mg GA equivalent/g, 3.10 mg H₂O₂ equivalent/g, 2.25 mg H₂O₂ equivalent/g, and 1.90 µmol/g, respectively. The methanolic extract of A. lanipes had relatively strong antimicrobial activity against seven tested microorganism strains. It also had high anti-proliferative potency and strong pro-apoptotic effects, and this mushroom used as a daily nutrient could be a source for new drug developments and treatment in cancer therapies, and could be a guide for studies in this area.     

Effect of sulfur-containing agrochemicals on growth,yield, and protein content of soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr)

In this study, effect of different forms of sulfur-containing agrochemicals on growth, yield, and protein content of soybean grains have been evaluated. Three forms were used, such as powdery, solute, and pasty, in which elemental sulfur is contained in a nanostructured state. Plants treated with powdered and solute sulfur-containing agrochemicals had the highest growth and grain yield values, and the effect of applying pasty sulfur-containing agrochemicals did not differ from the control, in which there was low yield on all variants. The use of powdered and solute sulfur-containing agrochemicals increased all protein fractions in soybeans. The results show that the use of powdered and solute sulfur-containing agrochemicals is necessary to boost the yield of soy and increase the supply of proteins in the grains. A key factor in the availability of sulfur for soybean plants is the conversion of sulfur to a nanodisperse state. This study provides relevant information about sulfur-containing agrochemicals, which can promote higher seed yields and increase the content of protein in soybeans.